Thermoreversible cross-linking of maleated ethylene/propylene copolymers with diamines and amino-alcohols

Mee, van der Maj Mark; Goossens, Jgp Han; Duin, van M Martin

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2008.01.031

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Nucleophilic addition reaction involving ring opening have also received attention as thermal CANs. Linear polymers with either pendant maleic acid23, 24 or azlactone25 functional groups crosslinked by a bis-alcohol have been shown as a viable thermoreversible crosslinking reaction; however, these materials have limited reversibility owing to various side reactions 26. Carbene dimerization is another candidate reaction for the basis of a thermal CAN (reaction 2 in Figure 2).…”

Section: Can Structure and Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covalent Adaptable Networks (CANs): A Unique Paradigm in Cross-Linked Polymers

et al. 2010

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Polymer networks possessing reversible covalent crosslinks constitute a novel material class with the capacity for adapting to an externally applied stimulus. These covalent adaptable networks (CANs) represent a trend in polymer network fabrication towards the rational design of structural materials possessing dynamic characteristics for specialty applications. Herein, we discuss the unique attributes of CANs that must be considered when designing, fabricating, and characterizing these smart materials that respond to either thermal or photochemical stimuli. While there are many reversible reactions which to consider as possible crosslink candidates in CANs, there are very few that are readily and repeatedly reversible. Furthermore, characterization of the mechanical properties of CANs requires special consideration owing to their unique attributes. Ultimately, these attributes are what lead to the advantageous properties displayed by CANs, such as recyclability, healability, tunability, shape changes, and low polymerization stress. Throughout this perspective, we identify several trends and future directions in the emerging field of CANs that demonstrate the progress to date as well as the essential elements that are needed for further advancement.

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Section: Can Structure and Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covalent Adaptable Networks (CANs): A Unique Paradigm in Cross-Linked Polymers

et al. 2010

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“…Such functionalized elastomers are more susceptible to a broader array of different cross-linking techniques, including thermoreversible cross-linking [11]. Thermoreversible cross-linking of chemically modified elastomers such as EPM-g-MA has been studied before [19][20][21]. An interesting method is the thermoreversible, covalent crosslinking of polymers containing pendant furan groups with bismaleimide (BM) functionalities via the reversible Diels-Alder (DA) reaction [22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the chemical structure of cross-linking agents on properties of thermally reversible networks

Polgar

Cerpentier

Vermeij

et al. 2016

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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It is well-known that the properties of cross-linked rubbers are strongly affected by the cross-link density. In this work it is shown that for thermoreversibly cross-linked elastomers, the type and length of the cross-linker also have a significant effect. A homologous series of diamine and bismaleimide cross-linkers was used to cross-link maleic-anhydride-grafted EPM irreversibly and furan-modified EPM thermoreversibly, respectively. Bismaleimide cross-linkers with a polarity close to that of EPM and a relatively low melting point have a better solubility in the rubber matrix, which results in higher chemical conversion and, thus, higher cross-link densities at the same molar amount of cross-linker. Samples cross-linked with different spacers (aromatic and aliphatic spacers of different lengths) were compared at the same cross-link density to interpret the effects on the material properties. The rigid character of the short aliphatic and the aromatic cross-linkers accounts for the observed increase in hardness, Young´s modulus and tensile strength with respect to the longer, more flexible aliphatic cross-linkers. In conclusion, the structure of the cross-linking agent can be considered as an alternative variable in tuning the rubber properties, especially for thermoreversibly cross-linked rubber.

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“…NMR and FTIR spectroscopy were also used to investigate the structure changes related to the thermo-reversible conversion of crosslinked polymers [19][20][21]. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was also carried out to test the thermal property of thermally re-mendable highly crosslinked polymeric materials [19,22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%