Thermoresponsive Polypeptoids

Abstract

Stimuli-responsive polymers have been widely studied in many applications such as biomedicine, nanotechnology, and catalysis. Temperature is one of the most commonly used external triggers, which can be highly controlled with excellent reversibility. Thermoresponsive polymers exhibiting a reversible phase transition in a controlled manner to temperature are a promising class of smart polymers that have been widely studied. The phase transition behavior can be tuned by polymer architectures, chain-end, and various functional groups. Particularly, thermoresponsive polypeptoid is a type of promising material that has drawn growing interest because of its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and bioactivity. This paper summarizes the recent advances of thermoresponsive polypeptoids, including the synthetic methods and functional groups as well as their applications.

Constrained thermoresponsive polymers – new insights into fundamentals and applications

“…Furthermore, the authors show that the fusion of LCST and UCST encoding motifs within one IDP allows the generation of self-assembling structures like micelles. In addition to IDPs, polypeptoids based on an N-substituted glycine backbone, thus biomimetically resembling polypeptides, also obtain high potential for smart biomedical applications [ 307 ]. By synthetically varying the charged side chain, Xing et al recently succeeded in generating both UCST and LCST phase transitions with controllable transition temperature using a single homopolymer polypeptoid backbone [ 308 ].…”

Bio-instructive materials on-demand – combinatorial chemistry of peptoids, foldamers, and beyond

“…183,184 Many research groups use the highly tunable peptoid scaffold to adjust the phase transition behavior of polymers and to add further stimuli-responsive properties to design smart materials. 185,186 The broad structural diversity of peptoids does not restrict their polymers to one type of application but allows for their use as versatile, sophisticated material. As an example, Statz et al…”

Chitosan-Based Biocompatible Copolymers for Thermoresponsive Drug Delivery Systems: On the Development of a Standardization System

“…If solubility is reached upon heating, this point is called the upper critical solution temperature (UCST). If the polymer becomes insoluble over a critical temperature, the point is called the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) [86][87][88][89][90]. However, their behavior can be quite complex to describe, as a polymer can exhibit both behaviors depending on many different factors, including the molecular mass, polymer concentration, termination groups and the presence of cosolutes.…”