Thermoregulatory responses to environmental toxicants: The interaction of thermal stress and toxicant exposure

Leon, Lisa R.

doi:10.1016/j.taap.2008.01.012

Cited by 59 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…While few studies are available on this subject, some occupations falling into these sectors had already been mentioned in the literature. In this regard, authors report that farmers 10) , pesticide spreaders 10) , firefighters 8) and workers assigned to plastic production, dry heat vulcanization and the production of formaldehyde resins 12) may be particularly exposed simultaneously to heat and chemicals. Other workers with more marginal occupations, such as race car drivers 10) and ceramics artists 32) , were also mentioned.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are simultaneously exposed to different chemicals found on the premises where they must intervene: carbon monoxide, benzene, particles, asbestos, cyanide, hydrogen chloride, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, fumes, stored products, products used to control fires, etc 8,36) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amounts of xenobiotics absorbed through the lungs and the skin during work in a hot environment can be increased significantly due to higher pulmonary ventilation and cutaneous blood flow 8,11) . Therefore, the overall impact of heat exposure translates, in most cases, into an increased concentration of xenobiotics in the biological fluids.…”

confidence: 99%

“…Exposure to chemicals can affect the thermoregulatory mechanisms in humans 6) , thereby reducing workers' capacity to adapt to heat stress. For example, metal fumes can be the cause of toxic manifestations characterized by fever 7,8) . In addition, exposure to heat stress triggers a series of physiological responses that are likely to modify the absorption, *To whom correspondence should be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Workers Exposed Concomitantly to Heat Stress and Chemicals

Bourbonnais¹,

Zayed

Lévesque

et al. 2013

Ind Health

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Abstract. In the context of climate change, concomitant exposure to heat stress and chemicals takes on great importance. However, little information is available in this regard. The purpose of this research, therefore, was to develop an approach aimed at identifying worker groups that would be potentially most at risk. The approach comprises 5 consecutive steps: − Establishment of a list of occupations for all industry sectors − Determination of heat stress parameters − Identification of occupations at risk of heat stress − Determination of exposure to chemicals − Identification of occupations potentially most at risk. Overall, 1,010 occupations were selected due to their representativeness of employment sectors in Québec. Using a rating matrix, the risk stemming from exposure to heat stress was judged "critical" or "significant" for 257 occupations. Among these, 136 occupations were identified as showing a high potential of simultaneous exposure to heat stress and chemicals. Lastly, a consultation with thirteen experts made it possible to establish a list of 22 priority occupations, that is, 20 occupations in the metal manufacturing sector, as well as roofers and firefighters. These occupations would merit special attention for an investigation and evaluation of the potential effects on workers' health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Identification of Workers Exposed Concomitantly to Heat Stress and Chemicals

Bourbonnais¹,

Zayed

Lévesque

et al. 2013

Ind Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…People do not perform well under thermal stress. People's performance under thermal stress is about 11% lower than their performance at normal thermal conditions 2 . In this context, student's life should not be excluded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of ventilation on thermal comfort in campus hostel bedrooms after sunset

et al. 2017

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Abstract. After sunset, the indoor of buildings would be relatively warmer as compared to that of the outdoor due to thermal was associated with the heat stored in the building structures and furniture. In tropical countries, doors and windows are usually shut after sunset in order to avoid mosquitoes. Thus, the condition of the indoor air is worsened as the hot air is trapped inside the bedroom and takes long time to be fully dissipated to the surrounding. This causes discomfort to the occupants as bedrooms where they are expecting to have a good rest to rejuvenate from hard day works. The objective of this study was to analyze the nature of air temperature profile in bedrooms of a hostel at night and the effect of ventilation systems in reducing the indoor air temperature. The study was conducted by measuring temperature of air in the bedrooms throughout a night. It was found that the exhaust fan gave the best results by reducing the air temperature by 1.5°C to 2.5°C.

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Thermal Stress and Toxicity

Gordon

Johnstone

Aydin

2014

Comprehensive Physiology

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Elevating ambient temperature above thermoneutrality exacerbates toxicity of most air pollutants, insecticides, and other toxic chemicals. On the other hand, safety and toxicity testing of toxicants and drugs is usually performed in mice and rats maintained at sub-thermoneutral temperatures of ~22∘C. When exposed to chemical toxicants under these relatively cool conditions, rodents typically undergo a regulated hypothermic response, characterized by preference for cooler ambient temperatures and controlled reduction in core temperature. Reducing core temperature delays the clearance of most toxicants from the body; however, a mild hypothermia also improves recovery and survival from the toxicant. Raising ambient temperature to thermoneutrality and above increases the rate of clearance of the toxicant but also exacerbates toxicity. Furthermore, heat stress combined with work or exercise is likely to worsen toxicity. Body temperature of large mammals, including humans, does not decrease as much in response to exposure to a toxicant. However, heat stress can nonetheless worsen toxic outcome in humans through a variety of mechanisms. For example, heat-induced sweating and elevation in skin blood flow accelerates uptake of some insecticides. Epidemiological studies suggest that thermal stress may exacerbate the toxicity of airborne pollutants such as ozone and particulate matter. Overall, translating results of studies in rodents to that of humans is a formidable task attributed in part to the interspecies differences in thermoregulatory response to the toxicants and to thermal stress.

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Thermoregulatory responses to environmental toxicants: The interaction of thermal stress and toxicant exposure

Cited by 59 publications

References 125 publications

Identification of Workers Exposed Concomitantly to Heat Stress and Chemicals

Identification of Workers Exposed Concomitantly to Heat Stress and Chemicals

Effect of ventilation on thermal comfort in campus hostel bedrooms after sunset

Thermal Stress and Toxicity

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