Thermoregulatory Heat Production in the Brain

Donhoffer, S; Szegvari, G; Járai, I.; M, Farkas

doi:10.1038/184993a0

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…3A). This finding corroborates the idea that a higher brain temperature compared with arterial blood temperature or colonic temperature reflects greater brain metabolism relative to the metabolism of the other body tissues [4,10,16]. Moreover, T thal increased more rapidly than T abd in response to exercise initiation in the control rats.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The dynamics of physical exercise-induced increases in thalamic and abdominal temperatures are modified by central cholinergic stimulation

Damasceno

Pires

Lima

et al. 2015

Neuroscience Letters

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The dynamics of physical exercise-induced increases in thalamic and abdominal temperatures are modified by central cholinergic stimulation

Damasceno

Pires

Lima

et al. 2015

Neuroscience Letters

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“…Although its contribution to the whole body basal metabolic rate is poorly understood, the brain has long been recognized as one of the major oxygen‐consuming and metabolically active tissues where mitochondrial proton leak has been observed [11]. Thermoregulatory heat production in response to cold has also been observed in the brain [27]. Since UCP4 transcripts are exclusively expressed in the brain and it functions as an uncoupling protein in mammalian cells in vitro, it is conceivable that UCP4 may be responsible for the mitochondrial proton leak observed in brain tissue, and may potentially be involved in adaptational thermoregulation and heat production in both fetal and adult brains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

UCP4, a novel brain‐specific mitochondrial protein that reduces membrane potential in mammalian cells

Mao¹,

Yu²,

Zhong³

et al. 1999

FEBS Letters

341

231

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Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are a family of mitochondrial transporter proteins that have been implicated in thermoregulatory heat production and maintenance of the basal metabolic rate. We have identified and partially characterized a novel member of the human uncoupling protein family, termed uncoupling protein-4 (UCP4). Protein sequence analyses showed that UCP4 is most related to UCP3 and possesses features characteristic of mitochondrial transporter proteins. Unlike other known UCPs, UCP4 transcripts are exclusively expressed in both fetal and adult brain tissues. UCP4 maps to human chromosome 6p11.2^q12. Consistent with its potential role as an uncoupling protein, UCP4 is localized to the mitochondria and its ectopic expression in mammalian cells reduces mitochondrial membrane potential. These findings suggest that UCP4 may be involved in thermoregulatory heat production and metabolism in the brain.z 1999 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.

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“…Moreover, the heat loss from the brain is greatly dependent on local blood flow. As isolated stimuli, both exercise [7] and cold exposure [44] can increase cerebral blood flow; thus, we hypothesize that the combination of both factors would further increase the local blood flow and consequently increase brain heat loss during the initial min of running. As exercise continues, the lower temperature of the arterial blood that leaves the cold thorax and then perfuses the brain may also help prevent increases in brain temperature, contributing to the unchanged T hyp during treadmill running at 12°C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothalamic Temperature of Rats Subjected to Treadmill Running in a Cold Environment

et al. 2014

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Different strategies for cooling the body prior to or during physical exercise have been shown to improve prolonged performance. Because of ethical and methodological issues, no studies conducted in humans have evaluated the changes in brain temperature promoted by cooling strategies. Therefore, our first aim sought to measure the hypothalamic temperature (Thyp) of rats subjected to treadmill running in a cold environment. Moreover, evidence suggests that Thyp and abdominal temperature (Tabd) are regulated by different physiological mechanisms. Thus, this study also investigated the dynamics of exercise-induced changes in Thyp and Tabd at two ambient temperatures: 25°C (temperate environment) and 12°C (cold). Adult male Wistar rats were used in these experiments. The rats were implanted with a guide cannula in the hypothalamus and a temperature sensor in the abdominal cavity. After recovery from this surgery, the rats were familiarized with running on a treadmill and were then subjected to the two experimental trials: constant-speed running (20 m/min) at 12°C and 25°C. Both Thyp and Tabd increased during exercise at 25°C. In contrast, Thyp and Tabd remained unchanged during fatiguing exercise at 12°C. The temperature differential (i.e., Thyp - Tabd) increased during the initial min of running at 25°C and thereafter decreased toward pre-exercise values. Interestingly, external cooling prevented this early increase in the temperature differential from the 2nd to the 8th min of running. In addition, the time until volitional fatigue was higher during the constant exercise at 12°C compared with 25°C. Together, our results indicate that Thyp and Tabd are regulated by different mechanisms in running rats and that external cooling affected the relationship between both temperature indexes observed during exercise without environmental thermal stress. Our data also suggest that attenuated hypothalamic hyperthermia may contribute to improved performance in cold environments.

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Thermoregulatory Heat Production in the Brain

Cited by 20 publications

References 2 publications

The dynamics of physical exercise-induced increases in thalamic and abdominal temperatures are modified by central cholinergic stimulation

The dynamics of physical exercise-induced increases in thalamic and abdominal temperatures are modified by central cholinergic stimulation

UCP4, a novel brain‐specific mitochondrial protein that reduces membrane potential in mammalian cells

Hypothalamic Temperature of Rats Subjected to Treadmill Running in a Cold Environment

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