Thermophoresis of Metal Particles in a Liquid

A numerical study of magnetohydrodynamic transport of nanofluids over a vertical stretching sheet with exponential temperature-dependent viscosity and buoyancy effects

“…In hotter zones of the boundary layer, there are enhanced molecular impulses which cause a migration of nano-particles towards cooler zones where weaker molecular impulses are present. This energizes the nanofluid and results in an increase in temperatures, as elaborated by Giddings et al [53]. Further corroboration of the trends computed in Fig.…”

Single-particle thermal diffusion of charged colloids: Double-layer theory in a temperature gradient

“…Progress could be made by combining the ideas from ref. [7] for thin double layers and those presented in the present paper. What is also neglected 4 in the present paper is the effect of macroscopic pressure gradients that are set up in the bulk solvent due to temperature gradients.…”

“…[7], with explicit reference to the doublelayer structure, in case of thin double layers and very small colloidal particles. For the very small (metal)…”

“…[7], the thermophoretic force is essentially equal to the body force on fluid elements of the dispersion, where the colloidal particles are considered as being part of an effective fluid. The analysis is based on the Navier-Stokes equation with a gradient in the pressure generated by the charge distribution close to the surface of the particle.…”

“…In ref. [7], the emphasis is on metal particles, where the local temperature variation around the particle is of crucial importance. In the present paper, we shall neglect differences in thermal conductivity of the solvent and the colloidal core that result in such nonlinear temperature variations in the neighbourhood of the colloidal particle.…”