Thermomechanical properties of bio-based composites made from a lactic acid thermoset resin and flax and flax/basalt fibre reinforcements

Bakare, Fatimat Oluwatoyin; Ramamoorthy, Sunil Kumar; Åkesson, Dan; Skrifvars, Mikael

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.09.002

Cited by 57 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The new chemical shift revealed in the end‐functionalized resins at ∼6 ppm can be attributed to the CC site. Moreover, the branch lengths of the star‐shaped resins were also estimated based on the method described in authors' previous works as ethylene glycol chain length: 3.88, glycerol resin chain length: 3.98, and erythritol resin chain length: 3.30. Based on the acquired chain lengths, the molecular weights of the EG‐based oligomer, GL‐based oligomer, and the ER‐based oligomers are estimated as 752, 1158, and 1296 g/mol, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different methods have been reported for the production of branched polymers; however, a few studies have been dedicated to star‐shaped architecture . The star‐shaped lactic acid‐based resins (S‐LA) are synthesized by condensation of LA with the core molecule, followed by end‐functionalization of the branches with an end‐functionalizing (EF) agent .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aims of the EF agent are to add unsaturated carbon–carbon bonds to the structure and to increases the reactivity of the branches. Different EF agents have been employed in the star‐shaped structures, including methacrylic acid (MAA), methacrylic anhydride (MAAH), or itaconic acid (IT) . Often, for curing purpose, a free‐radical polymerization method is employed in which the curing starts by assistance of radical initiators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and characterization of methacrylated star‐shaped poly(lactic acid) employing core molecules with different hydroxyl groups

Esmaeili

Jahandideh

Muthukumarappan

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A set of novel bio-based star-shaped thermoset resins was synthesized via ring-opening polymerization of lactide and employing different multi-hydroxyl core molecules, including ethylene glycol, glycerol, and erythritol. The branches were endfunctionalized with methacrylic anhydride. The effect of the core molecule on the melt viscosity, the curing behavior of the thermosets and also, the thermomechanical properties of the cured resins were investigated. Resins were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, 13 C-NMR, and 1 H-NMR to confirm the chemical structure. Rheological analysis and differential scanning calorimetry analysis were performed to obtain the melt viscosity and the curing behavior of the studied star-shaped resins. Thermomechanical properties of the cured resins were also measured by dynamic mechanical analysis. The erythritol-based resin had superior thermomechanical properties compared to the other resins and also, lower melt viscosity compared to the glycerol-based resin. These are of desired characteristics for a resin, intended to be used as a matrix for the structural composites. Thermomechanical properties of the cured resins were also compared to a commercial unsaturated polyester resin and the experimental results indicated that erythritol-based resin with 82% bio-based content has superior thermomechanical properties, compared to the commercial polyester resin. Results of this study indicated that although core molecule with higher number of hydroxyl groups results in resins with better thermomechanical properties, number of hydroxyl groups is not the only governing factor for average molecular weight and melt viscosity of the uncured S-LA resins.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and characterization of methacrylated star‐shaped poly(lactic acid) employing core molecules with different hydroxyl groups

Esmaeili

Jahandideh

Muthukumarappan

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…As an inorganic fiber, basalt fiber has good strength, modulus, better strain to failure, high thermal insulation, good chemical resistance, are easily processed, eco-friendly, and inexpensive [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Moreover, nonwoven technology produces a fibrous porous structure that stores static air and also can form a more compact structure by carrying the surficial fibers into the interlayers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally Bonded PET–Basalt Sandwich Composites for Heat Pipeline Protection: Preparation, Stab Resisting, and Thermal-Insulating Properties

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2018

Applied Sciences

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Abstract:In order to solve the cost and bulky problems of buried thermal pipeline insulating materials, this study adopts basalt fabric and low-melting PET nonwoven to construct low-cost and light-weight pipeline thermal-insulating composites after needle punching and thermal bonding processes. Research result shows that thermal-bonded temperature affected the stab resistance and burst energy more significantly. As thermal-bonded temperature increased, knife resistance and spike resistance presented the upward and then downward trends, but the burst energy gradually decreased. Yarn pull-out result shows that the enhancement of stab resistance of intra-/inter-thermal-bonded structure resulted from the increment in the coefficient of friction between yarns. When PET-basalt sandwich composites were thermal-bonded at 140 • C for 5 min, the maximum knife and spike resistance were 147.00 N (1.99 J) and 196.30 N (1.11 J), respectively, and burst energy was 4.79 J, thermal conductivity reduced to 0.0073 W/(m·K). The resultant thermally bonded sandwich composites can be used as thermal-insulating protection for buried thermal pipeline.

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“…linseed oil, soybean oil, etc.) as polymer matrices for natural reinforcements which all shown good mechanical, thermo-physical or dynamical properties in comparison with their counterparts [247][248][249]. In the paper of Mosiewicki et al [250] attempted to provide a large spectrum of facts and data while arguing positively the question used as title regarding the fascination of designers for these types of natural materials [253].…”

Section: Vi241 Elastic Coefficients From Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of green composites based on epoxidized vegetable oils (EVOs) with hybrid reinforcements: natural and inorganic fibers.

Motoc¹

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BACKGROUNDThe overall aim of the work is to provide comprehensive means of predicting and characterizing the properties of principal hybrid polymer based composite architectures that can simultaneously yield results of practical utility. This is accomplished by comparing, whenever possible, the theoretical predictions for the effective properties to available experimental data.The present work is divided into two parts. Part I deals with the author's scientific achievements that enabled to characterize quantitatively the main effective properties of self-developed hybrid polymer based composite architectures and different theoretical and computer-simulation methods used for comparison. Part II identifies future directions for scientific and research evolution and development.The introductory chapter in Chapter I was reserved to the state-of-the-art in the subject intended to be covered with the main body of the PhD thesis. This was done on purpose to illustrate the importance of developed subject that is under continuous evolution and that expanded after herein contributions. It is noteworthy that significant advances have been made recently in the quantitative characterization of hybrid composite materials of any type both theoretically and experimentally.The general objectives (Chapter II) were underlined and concise delivered to give the reader a preview of the concepts that will be discussed specifically in the subsequent chapters. Indirectly, they point toward one of the main aims of this work, namely to provide a direction for systematically analysis of hybrid polymer based composite materials.Chapter III was dedicated to the brief presentation of individual materials' selection, manufacturing issues, details on hybrid microstructures and finally, some practical information on experimental devices and settings considered. Practically, reproducibility issue of the experimental data processing can be potentially addressed through sharing these particular information results.Chapter IV provides several theoretical models used deploying a multi-step homogenization scheme to apply for individual combinations and effective property under consideration. These theoretical models were selected due to their ability to describe the 'details of the microstructures' (i.e. constitutive volume fractions, orientations, sizes, shapes, spatial distributions and surface areas of interfaces, etc.) and ability to encompass particular information that can be ascertained in practice.In the light of above, particular concerns were given to those structure/property relations that can be easily understood by apprentices, unaccustomed researchers on engineering field and finally, to materials' designers bounded by cost and time to perform measures on their mechanical applications for all possible combinations, phase properties and microstructures aimed to be developed.Chapter V extensively approaches the effective mechanical, dynamical, thermal stability and conductivity, fire retardant and electrical conductivity of particular hybr...

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Thermomechanical properties of bio-based composites made from a lactic acid thermoset resin and flax and flax/basalt fibre reinforcements

Cited by 57 publications

References 27 publications

Synthesis and characterization of methacrylated star‐shaped poly(lactic acid) employing core molecules with different hydroxyl groups

Synthesis and characterization of methacrylated star‐shaped poly(lactic acid) employing core molecules with different hydroxyl groups

Thermally Bonded PET–Basalt Sandwich Composites for Heat Pipeline Protection: Preparation, Stab Resisting, and Thermal-Insulating Properties

Development of green composites based on epoxidized vegetable oils (EVOs) with hybrid reinforcements: natural and inorganic fibers.

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