Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA) and Thermodilatometry (TD)

Bair, H. E.; Akinay, Ali E.; Menczel, Joseph D.; Prime, R. Bruce; Jaffé, Michael

doi:10.1002/9780470423837.ch4

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…An expansion probe consists of a flat tip approximately 3 mm in diameter and is commonly used to measure CTE and Tg. 6 The penetration probe consists of a tip approximately 1 mm in diameter. 6 This allows for force to be applied to a small area and thus, coatings or thin films can be easily analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 The penetration probe consists of a tip approximately 1 mm in diameter. 6 This allows for force to be applied to a small area and thus, coatings or thin films can be easily analyzed. This probe does not measure Tg; however, the temperature at which the probe penetrates the sample is called the softening temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This probe does not measure Tg; however, the temperature at which the probe penetrates the sample is called the softening temperature. 6 For amorphous polymers, the softening point is very close to the Tg while in semi-crystalline polymers the softening temperature is in between the Tg and the melting point. 6 As in DMA, the tension probe consists of two clamps which hold a thin polymer film or fiber and measure tensile properties such as stress vs. strain, creep, and stress relaxation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 For amorphous polymers, the softening point is very close to the Tg while in semi-crystalline polymers the softening temperature is in between the Tg and the melting point. 6 As in DMA, the tension probe consists of two clamps which hold a thin polymer film or fiber and measure tensile properties such as stress vs. strain, creep, and stress relaxation. 6 Finally, the flexure probe allows the sample to be tested in a threepoint bending configuration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 As in DMA, the tension probe consists of two clamps which hold a thin polymer film or fiber and measure tensile properties such as stress vs. strain, creep, and stress relaxation. 6 Finally, the flexure probe allows the sample to be tested in a threepoint bending configuration. This is commonly used to measure flexural strength and modulus, although once again the softening point (i.e., where the sample loses flexure strength) can be an accurate estimate of the Tg in some cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA) and its application to polymer systems

Adams

2016

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Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) instruments are used to measure dimensional changes as a sample is heated or cooled. Data obtained from these instruments can be used to calculate the glass transition (Tg) and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). Commonly, materials expand when heated and contract when cooled; however, the rate of such changes depends largely on the type of material. In manufacturing, it is important to use components with similar CTE values to avoid product failure, leaks, or a build-up of thermal stress. Therefore, TMA is a straightforward, useful tool in research and industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA) and its application to polymer systems

Adams

2016

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Thermosets

Gotro

Prime

2017

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

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Unlike thermoplastic polymers, which are processed in the molten state without altering their molecular structure, chemical reactions are involved when utilizing thermosets, for example, as an adhesive or to fabricate composite parts. As a result of these reactions, thermosetting resins form a cross‐linked network and become “set,” that is, they can no longer flow or dissolve. In contrast to cross‐linked elastomers or rubbers, the glass transition temperature ( T g ) of thermosets is generally above room temperature. They may contain additives such as catalysts to promote or accelerate cure. Many thermosets are used in filled or reinforced form. While epoxy resins are the best‐known thermosets, others include phenolic resins, unsaturated polyesters, polyurethanes, dicyanates, bismaleimides, acrylates and methacrylates. Topics covered in this article include the distinguishing characteristics of thermosetting materials; the more common thermosetting resins, including their cure chemistry; thermoset applications; materials and process characterization; cure, including cure kinetics and cure monitoring; and selected thermoset processes.

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Glass‐Transition Phenomena in Polymer Blends

Kalogeras

2016

Encyclopedia of Polymer Blends

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Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA) and Thermodilatometry (TD)

Cited by 14 publications

References 61 publications

Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA) and its application to polymer systems

Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA) and its application to polymer systems

Thermosets

Glass‐Transition Phenomena in Polymer Blends

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