Thermohydraulic model of Smart Thermal Grids with bidirectional power flow between prosumers

Licklederer, Thomas; Hamacher, Thomas; Krämer, M.; Perić, Vedran S.

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.120825

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This is also driven by the trend in the scientific literature that district heating and cooling networks are increasingly seen as a potential for demand-side management through sector coupling, leading to a so-called smart energy system [6,7]. In addition to the efficiency aspects of the supply of heating and cooling, a major task in the decarbonization of thermal networks will also lie in the integration of fluctuating renewables, the use of decentralized heating and cooling sources at different temperature levels, and providing flexibility for the higher-level energy system [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Application of an Open-Source Framework for Automated Thermal Network Generation and Simulations in Modelica

et al. 2022

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District heating and cooling (DHC) networks, and in particular, the fifth generation of DHC networks, offer great potential in increasing the overall system efficiency and reducing CO2 emissions in the heating and cooling of urban districts. Due to the growing complexity of these energy systems, the use of new planning methods, such as the use of dynamic simulation models based on Modelica, becomes more important. However, especially with large, complex thermal networks, there is a high effort for manual model construction and parameterization. For this reason, we present a framework for automated model generation of DHC networks based on simulation models in Modelica written in Python. The core function of the Python framework is to transform a graph representation of a district heating network into a dynamic simulation model. The authors briefly describe the workflow and demonstrate its applicability with three different use cases. We investigate the impact of different design decisions, e.g., comparing the difference between central and decentral pumps as well as a combination of both in one network. In addition, we present the results of evaluating the impact of different network temperature levels or pipe insulation compared to the overall energy supplied to the network, leading to the conclusion that the presented framework is capable of reducing the manual effort for performing DHC network simulations with Modelicaand allows to easily perform parameter studies in an early planning phases in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Application of an Open-Source Framework for Automated Thermal Network Generation and Simulations in Modelica

et al. 2022

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“…This is made possible by a four-way valve, located inside the heat pump, which decouples the evaporator and condenser from the compressor. The bidirectional pumping system can also be achieved with another control logic, presented by Licklederer et al [27]. In this case, the high temperature piping (supply line) also has higher pressure with respect to the low-temperature piping (return line).…”

Section: Features Of 5gdhn and Prototype Substationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a 5th Generation District Heating Substation Prototype for a Real Case Study

Martinazzoli

Pasinelli²,

Lezzi

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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The evolution of district heating networks is moving toward low temperatures in heat distribution with so called 4th generation networks. However, the lowest heat transfer fluid temperatures in district heating are achieved through ultra-low temperature networks, referred to as 5th generation district heating networks (5GDHNs). Low temperatures in heat distribution results in an extremely different configuration of 5GDHN compared to traditional district heating network, especially in the grid substation due to the inability to directly couple the grid with the buildings. This paper presents a detailed design of a 5th generation substation prototype, which is carried out to verify the proper operation and monitor the performance of this type of substation in a real case study. The prototype is fed by low-temperature waste heat, currently dissipated through evaporative towers, and will be built in the city of Brescia, Italy. The layout of the substation prototype, consisting of a bidirectional pumping system, a reversible water-to-water heat pump, an inertial thermal energy storage and a heat exchanger, is presented. An analysis is performed to figure out which refrigerant offers the best performance of the heat pump. In addition, fixed the refrigerant, the performance of the grid connected heat pump is found to be increased from 29.5% to 55.5% for both heating and cooling compared with a stand-alone air-to-water heat pump solution. Finally, the process flow diagram and the piping and instrumentation diagram of the substation are presented and commented.

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“…There are many theoretical studies on 5GDHC systems, which mainly focus on the development of simulation [ 4,8–11 ] and mathematical optimization models. [ 1,12 ] Some studies present operational optimization models, [ 13,14 ] while other publications provide real‐world experience from a practical planning perspective: Zeh et al [ 15 ] discuss the planning of the 5GDHC network in Wüstenrot (Germany) and their experience with installing the first large‐scale agrothermal collector with a used land area of 4400 m 2 and a depth of 1.5 m. The Wüstenrot district is also discussed by Brennenstuhl et al [ 16 ] They also provide detailed information about two other geothermal collector systems in the cities Neustadt am Rübenberge and Bad Nauheim.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

There are many theoretical studies on 5GDHC systems, which mainly focus on the development of simulation [4,[8][9][10][11] and mathematical optimization models. [1,12] Some studies present operational optimization models, [13,14] while other publications provide real-world experience from a practical planning perspective: Zeh et al [15] discuss the planning of the 5GDHC network in

…”

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confidence: 99%

Survey of 53 Fifth‐Generation District Heating and Cooling (5GDHC) Networks in Germany

2022

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Thermohydraulic model of Smart Thermal Grids with bidirectional power flow between prosumers

Cited by 24 publications

References 38 publications

Development and Application of an Open-Source Framework for Automated Thermal Network Generation and Simulations in Modelica

Development and Application of an Open-Source Framework for Automated Thermal Network Generation and Simulations in Modelica

Design of a 5th Generation District Heating Substation Prototype for a Real Case Study

Survey of 53 Fifth‐Generation District Heating and Cooling (5GDHC) Networks in Germany

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