Thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetric analysis of natural fibres and polypropylene

Wielage, B.; Lampke, Thomas; Marx, G.; Nestler, Klaus; Starke, D.

doi:10.1016/s0040-6031(99)00161-6

Cited by 245 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The first exothermic peak began at 180 °C and finished at 350 °C, which was assigned to the carbonization process of the cellulose. The results were in accordance with previously reported values (Wielage et al 1999;Moltó et al 2006). The exothermic peak at 450 °C indicated the phase transformation of TiO2 from the anatase to rutile phase.…”

Section: Xrd Analysis Of the Composite Catalystssupporting

confidence: 92%

Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2-Wrapped Cotton Nanofiber Composite Catalysts

Zhang

Wan

et al. 2017

BioRes

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A novel TiO2-wrapped nanofiber composite catalyst, which possessed a unique porous structure and mixed crystalline phase, was prepared by the combination of superficial sol-gel and post-calcination processes. By means of the superficial sol-gel process, TiO2 layers were deposited on the surface of each nanofiber-like cellulose fiber, and then the TiO2-wrapped nanofiber composite catalysts were calcined at different temperatures under a nitrogen atmosphere. With temperature increasing, the original cotton nanofiber composites were converted into porous carbon nanofiber catalysts wrapped by a TiO2 mixed crystalline phase, which was accompanied by a crystal transformation. The photocatalytic activity of the new catalysts was evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The results demonstrated that the new catalysts had good photocatalytic ability, and the TNC-700 catalyst showed a superior photocatalytic ability compared with the other catalysts; the new catalysts had a unique porous structure, high specific surface area, and mixed crystalline phase. Additionally, the synergistic photocatalytic effect of the TiO2 and activated carbon nanofiber resulted in the efficient degradation of organic pollutants in water or air.

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Section: Xrd Analysis Of the Composite Catalystssupporting

confidence: 92%

Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2-Wrapped Cotton Nanofiber Composite Catalysts

Zhang

Wan

et al. 2017

BioRes

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“…broad peak could be attributed to moisture vaporization from the fiber which is then followed by thermal degradation beyond 350°C. Similar thermal degradation of flax fiber has been reported using DSC and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in previous studies (Manfredi et al 2006;Wielage et al 1999). …”

Section: Thermal Behavior Of the Supplied Pcl And Flax Fibersupporting

confidence: 85%

“…In addition, they are inexpensive, lightweight, non-abrasive, renewable, and biodegradable, and also possess high strength-to-weight ratio (Morton and Hearle 1975;Bürger et al 1995). However, unlike glass fiber that starts to degrade at temperatures about 2000°C, natural fibers exhibit low thermal stability: their first degradation occurs at temperatures above 180°C (around 200 -220°C for flax fiber) (Wielage et al 1999;Gassan and Bledzki 2001). Therefore, they are only suitable for processing conditions at or below this temperature.…”

Section: Thermoplastic Starch (Tps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first heating cycle was to erase the thermal history of the sample (Wielage et al 1999) and therefore, only the second heating cycle was used for analytical purposes. Similarly, 4.38 mg of washed flax fiber was placed in aluminum hermetic pan and run through the DSC from -80 to 400°C under nitrogen atmosphere at a scan rate of 10°C/min to determine its thermal behavior.…”

Section: Thermal Behavior Of the Supplied Pcl And Flax Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Incorporating Polycaprolactone and Flax Fiber into Glycerol-Plasticized Pea Starch

et al. 2011

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The environmental menace associated with the existing eco-unfriendly conventional plastics prompted the exploration of natural polymers such as starch for the development of biodegradable plastics. These efforts have seen starch used in various ways, one of which is in the processing of thermoplastic starch (TPS). Thermoplastic starch (also known as plasticized starch) is the product of the interaction between starch and a plasticizer in the presence of thermomechanical energy. While starch blends with conventional plastics only yield products that biofragment, thermoplastic starch (TPS) offers a completely biodegradable option. However, it is limited in application due to its weak mechanical strength and poor moisture resistance. To this end, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of incorporating polycaprolactone (PCL) and flax fiber into glycerol-plasticized pea starch. The effects of processing moisture content on the physical properties of glycerol-plasticized pea starch were also evaluated. The physical properties investigated included morphology, tensile properties, moisture absorption, and thermal properties. Accordingly, two thermoplastic pea starch mixtures containing 9.3 and 20% processing moisture contents were prepared while maintaining starch (pea starch) and glycerol in ratio 7:3 by weight (dry basis). Polycaprolactone was then compounded at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% by weight in the solid phase with the TPS mixtures to determine the effects of processing moisture content and PCL incorporation on the physical properties of glycerol-plasticized pea starch.This experiment was structured as a 2 x 5 factorial completely randomized design at 5% level of significance. Subsequently, PCL and flax fiber were iii compounded with the TPS mixture containing 20% processing moisture to determine the effects of PCL (0, 20, and 40% wt) and flax fiber (0, 5, 10, and 15% wt) incorporation on the physical properties of glycerol-plasticized pea starch. This was structured as a 3 x 4 factorial completely randomized design at 5% level of significance. All the samples were compressed at 140°C for 45 min under 25000-kg load. The compression-molded samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tensile test, moisture absorption test, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques.The tensile fracture surfaces showed a moisture-induced fundamental morphological difference between the two TPSs. The TPS prepared at 20% processing moisture content revealed complete starch gelatinization, thus, exhibiting a rather continuous phase whereas the TPS prepared at 9.3% processing moisture content revealed instances of ungelatinized and partly gelatinized pea starch granules. Consequently, the tensile strength, yield strength, Young's modulus, and elongation at break increased by 208.6, 602.6, 208.5, and 292.0%, respectively at 20% processing moisture content. The incorporation of PCL reduced the degree of starch gelatinization by interfering with moisture migration during compr...

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“…For instance, previous researches [24] demonstrated that flax fibres start to slowly degrade between 200 ˚C and 220 ˚C. Above this temperature, the degradation of fibres is irreversible which sets a limit excluding the possibility of using thermoplastic polymers with a melting point higher than this value [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Accelerated Aging Effect of Salt Water on Lignocellulosic Fibre Reinforced Composites

Fragassa¹,

Pavlović²,

Živković³

2018

Tribol. Ind.

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Thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetric analysis of natural fibres and polypropylene

Cited by 245 publications

References 7 publications

Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2-Wrapped Cotton Nanofiber Composite Catalysts

Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2-Wrapped Cotton Nanofiber Composite Catalysts

Effects of Incorporating Polycaprolactone and Flax Fiber into Glycerol-Plasticized Pea Starch

The Accelerated Aging Effect of Salt Water on Lignocellulosic Fibre Reinforced Composites

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