The effect of different carbon allotropes on the explosion and combustion of potato‐starch dust is preliminarily investigated by modified Hartmann tube and cone calorimeter (CC), using expandable graphite (EG), naturally flaky graphite, vermicular graphite, and carbon black as the dust suppressants, respectively. The results show that the maximum explosion pressure (Pmax) decreases from 0.66 to 0.39 MPa and the peak heat release rate reduces from 31.45 to13.64 kW·m−2 for the EG‐starch blended dust, due to the physically shielding effect of the fluffy and charring layer. It clarifies that the combustion of starch is mainly governed by Zhuralev–Lesokin–Tempelman 3D diffusion calculated by the modified Coats–Redfern integral method; the carbonaceous materials block the pyrolysis and migration of volatiles, leading to a decrease in DTGmax. It establishes a comprehensive method to evaluate the explosion and combustion of organic combustible dust, combining the CC with combustion kinetics effectively.