Thermoelectric Properties of SnS with Na-Doping

Zhou, Biao; Li, Shuai; Li, Wen; Li, Juan; Zhang, Xinyue; Lin, Siqi; Chen, Zhiwei; Pei, Yanzhong

doi:10.1021/acsami.7b08770

Cited by 139 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…[1][2][3] In general, TE materials that contain inexpensive earth-abundant and nontoxic elements are the most interesting applications. [32,33] The recent study using polycrystalline SnS samples was rather disappointing in its outcome as it resulted in a relatively low zT value of 0.65 at 850 K, [34] suffering chiefly from the low power factors of the polycrystalline samples. [26] The analogous crystal structure of SnS to SnSe has suggested that potentially it should also have ultralow lattice thermal conductivity.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The DOS effective mass obtained from fitting slightly increased with temperature for the undoped sample. Note, however, that in comparison to the effect of Na doping in SnSe, [27] the doping efficiency of Na [34] and Ag [38] are shown for comparison. Figure 3 displays the temperature-dependent electronic properties of undoped and Na-doped SnS single crystals along the b-axis.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…As expected, the Seebeck coefficient clearly diminished as the Hall carrier concentration increased. [34,38] Thermal properties: Figure 4a,b displays the temperaturedependent total and lattice thermal conductivity along the b-axis direction for all single crystal samples. This, again, is a distinct signature of the onset of intrinsic excitations at which point the minority electrons start to compensate the majority holes.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, as shown in Figure 6, transport properties of pure SnS and Na 0.02 Sn 0.98 S crystals displayed a strongly anisotropic character, with the electrical resistivity along the a-axis being much higher than that along the b-axis and the c-axis. Of all the single crystalline SnS samples, the maximum [34,38,39,[42][43][44][45][46][47] in the temperatures range from ≈300 to ≈900 K. The detail methods [48] are displayed in the Supporting Information. Additionally, the thermal conductivity along the a-axis for both SnS and Na 0.02 Sn 0.98 S crystals was lower than the conductivity along the b-axis and the c-axis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Sodium‐Doped Tin Sulfide Single Crystal: A Nontoxic Earth‐Abundant Material with High Thermoelectric Performance

Wang

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

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the total thermal conductivity consisting of the lattice part (κ L ) and the electronic part (κ e ). [6] Some of these parameters (S, ρ, and κ e ), however, are mutually interdependent and strongly coupled by way of the carrier concentration, making it difficult to attain high TE performance (zT) without making some compromise. Fortunately, in the past decade, several general strategies have been developed to achieve high zT in various materials. [7,8] Lowering the lattice thermal conductivity (κ L ), which is relatively independent of other parameters, is a comparatively easy method. Other well-documented methods for enhancing phonon scattering include nanostructuring, [9][10][11] dislocations, [12,13] point defects, [14][15][16][17] and strong lattice anharmonicity. [18][19][20] Additional strategies to boost the power factor (S 2 ρ −1 ) include carrier concentration optimization, [21,22] band convergence, [23,24] and creating band resonance levels. [25] Typically, practical TE materials are polycrystalline structures with grain boundaries that help to maintain a low lattice thermal conductivity but inevitably also degrade the charge carrier mobility. Recently, bulk SnSe [26][27][28][29][30] and In 4 Se 3[31] single crystals have attracted increasing amounts of attention. The layered structure and strong lattice anharmonicity of these materials cause ultralow lattice thermal conductivity, independent of grain boundary phonon scattering. Therefore, such single crystalline compounds are expected to yield superior performance as both high mobility and low lattice thermal conductivity can be maintained simultaneously. For instance, the ultrahigh zT of Lead-free tin sulfide (SnS), with an analogous structure to SnSe, has attracted increasing attention because of its theoretically predicted high thermoelectric performance. In practice, however, polycrystalline SnS performs rather poorly as a result of its low power factor. In this work, bulk sodium (Na)-doped SnS single crystals are synthesized using a modified Bridgman method and a detailed transport evaluation is conducted. The highest zT value of ≈1.1 is reached at 870 K in a 2 at% Na-doped SnS single crystal along the b-axis direction, in which high power factors (2.0 mW m −1 K −2 at room temperature) are realized. These high power factors are attributed to the high mobility associated with the single crystalline nature of the samples as well as to the enhanced carrier concentration achieved through Na doping. An effective single parabolic band model coupled with first-principles calculations is used to provide theoretical insight into the electronic transport properties. This work demonstrates that SnS-based single crystals composed of earth-abundant, low-cost, and nontoxic chemical elements can exhibit high thermoelectric performance and thus hold potential for application in the area of waste heat recovery.

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Sodium‐Doped Tin Sulfide Single Crystal: A Nontoxic Earth‐Abundant Material with High Thermoelectric Performance

Wang

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…It is due to its extremely low thermal conductivity of 0.29 W m −1 K −1 and large Seebeck coefficient of 403 µV K −1 . A highest thermoelectric zT of 0.65 is reported in polycrystalline SnS by doping with Na . Similarly, a very low lattice thermal conductivity of SnSe makes a good zT of 1.1 at 773 K .…”

Section: Introduction To Thermoelectricsmentioning

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Copper Sulfides: Earth‐Abundant and Low‐Cost Thermoelectric Materials

Mulla

Rabinal

2019

Energy Tech

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The depletion of nonrenewable energy sources insisted the search for new types of energy solutions. Thermoelectric conversion is one possible energy solution which converts waste heat into useful electricity. In the past several years, thermoelectric research developed many novel materials. Among these, most of the practically useful materials with better performance are based on Bi, Pb, Te, and Sb, but are toxic and expensive. There is a need of earth‐abundant, low‐cost, and less‐toxic compounds with superior thermoelectric performance so as to realize the large‐scale commercial applications. Recent studies have identified eco‐friendly thermoelectric materials based on the alloys of copper and sulfur, suggesting an alternative to the well‐established expensive thermoelectric materials. These compounds exhibit interesting electronic properties with better thermoelectric efficiency (zT). The structural properties permit to decouple electrical and thermal conductivities, which is an essential requirement to get improved efficiency. Several approaches, such as phase tuning, doping, nanostructure/microstructure designing, compound formation, etc., are chosen to increase the performance. On the whole, the present review summarizes the strategies and techniques that have been adopted to improve the thermoelectric behavior of copper sulfides and its compounds.

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Thermal and Thermoelectric Properties of Cluster‐based Materials

Sun

Jena

2021

Superatoms

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Thermoelectric Properties of SnS with Na-Doping

Cited by 139 publications

References 69 publications

Sodium‐Doped Tin Sulfide Single Crystal: A Nontoxic Earth‐Abundant Material with High Thermoelectric Performance

Sodium‐Doped Tin Sulfide Single Crystal: A Nontoxic Earth‐Abundant Material with High Thermoelectric Performance

Copper Sulfides: Earth‐Abundant and Low‐Cost Thermoelectric Materials

Thermal and Thermoelectric Properties of Cluster‐based Materials

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