Thermodynamics of the formation of catalyst clusters for carbon nanotube growth

Bulyarskiĭ, S. V.; Pyatilova, O. V.; Tsygantsov, A. V.; Basaev, A. S.; Galperin, V. A.; Павлов, А. А.; Shaman, Yu. P.

doi:10.1134/s1063782610130208

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It should be noted that the typ ical diameter of CNT for the case of the CNT array synthesis using FeNiCo film with thickness of 1.5 nm (sample 2) and Ni film with thickness of 10 nm (sample 1) practically coincide. This circumstance confirms the adequacy of the model presented in [13] and points to the dependence of the CNT diameter not on the film thickness (in the case of a localized catalyst, the diam eter has a direct dependence on the thickness of the catalytic layer [14]), but on the ferrosene concentra tion, which also confirms the catalytic role of nickel in the process of ferrosene decomposition.…”

Section: The Results Of Studying the Morphology Of Cnt Arrayssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The conducted theoretical calculations based on a developed model understanding of the formation of the catalyst clusters in the CNT synthesis process [13] show that a decrease in the ferrosene concentration must lead to a diminishment of the CNT diameter. To check this theoretical result, two experiments on the CNT synthesis with durations of 5 min were con ducted where the ferrosene concentration in the solu tion was 0.1 and 0.5 weight %.…”

Section: The Results Of Studying the Morphology Of Cnt Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specificities of growth of topological arrays of carbon nanotubes

et al. 2012

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Research results on the synthesis of carbon nanotube arrays using a combined catalyst are pre sented. Thanks to optimal synthesis parameters such as temperature, the reagent flow rate, the concentration and type of organometallic compound, and the composition of the catalyst film, a new synthesis method for the arrays of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of a given topology is developed. The influence of the size effects of topological elements on the characteristics of the CNT arrays is studied. The results of a statistical analysis and research into the CNT morphology by transmission and scanning electron microscopy are shown.

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Section: The Results Of Studying the Morphology Of Cnt Arrayssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: The Results Of Studying the Morphology Of Cnt Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specificities of growth of topological arrays of carbon nanotubes

et al. 2012

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“…The size of the agglomerated clusters can be estimated on a thermodynamic basis [ 15 ], however, this does not include the influence of the cluster–substrate surface interaction on the surface energy of iron, which may also affect the cluster size. Nevertheless with the volume of the unit cell of 23.5 Å 3 and the surface energy of 2.4 J/m 2 for α-iron [ 16 ], a mean diameter of 3.0 nm with a standard deviation of 1.7 nm was obtained for a substrate temperature of 750 °C, which is in good agreement with the nanoparticle diameter as observed experimentally by TEM ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation and agglomeration behaviour of size-selected sub-nm iron clusters as catalysts for the growth of carbon nanotubes

Joshi¹,

Waldschmidt²,

Engstler³

et al. 2011

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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SummaryMass-selected, ligand-free FeN clusters with N = 10–30 atoms (cluster diameter: 0.6–0.9 nm) were implanted into [Al@SiOx] surfaces at a low surface coverage corresponding to a few thousandths up to a few hundredths of a monolayer in order to avoid initial cluster agglomeration. These studies are aimed towards gaining an insight into the lower limit of the size regime of carbon nanotube (CNT) growth by employing size-selected sub-nm iron clusters as catalyst or precatalyst precursors for CNT growth. Agglomeration of sub-nm iron clusters to iron nanoparticles with a median size range between three and six nanometres and the CNT formation hence can be observed at CVD growth temperatures of 750 °C. Below 600 °C, no CNT growth is observed.

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“…The first stage is oxidation annealing at a working table tem perature if 280°C, a high frequency (13.56 MHz) plasma power of 100 W at the oxygen and argon rates 100 cm 3 /min, a chamber pressure of 3 Torr, and a treatment duration of 5 min. In this stage, catalyst clusters are formed on the sample surface [3]. In the second stage, the temperature is elevated from 280 to 680°C, and recovery annealing is conducted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%