Thermodynamics of the Cu-S, Fe-S and Cu-Fe-S systems

Thermodynamic modeling of liquid Fe-Ni-Cu-Co-S mattes

“…In the matte region, the model successfully reproduces the data of Bale and Toguri, [47] Ditman and Vechko, [43] Rosenqvist, [20] Burgman et al, [44] and Bog and Rosenqvist [42] (for 36 to 44 at. pct S).…”

“…The sulfur activity data in the metal-rich region [29,30,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] are scattered. The Fe-liquidus measurements [37,44,45,47,[64][65][66][67] are in very good agreement. The activities of Fe measured by emf techniques [40,41,68] are not consistent with the above liquidus data.…”

“…The sulfur activity data in the matte measured by Rosenqvist, [20] Bog and Rosenqvist, [42] Ditman and Vechko, [43] Burgman et al, [44] Nagamori et al, [45] and Koh and Yazawa [46] using the equilibration method and by Bale and Toguri [47] using the thermogravimetric method are slightly dispersed but generally in good agreement. Kapustin and Bryukvin [26] presented their results only in a small diagram.…”

“…The sulfur activity data in the matte measured by Schuhmann and Moles, [69] Sudo, [70] Bourgon et al, [71] and Koh and Yazawa [46] using the equilibration method and by Bale and Toguri [47,72] using a thermogravimetric technique exceed 150 points and are generally in good agreement. The data of Bale and Toguri and of Koh and Yazawa are in particularly good accord.…”

“…In the optimization, more weight was assigned to the sulfur activity data in the sulfide-rich region of Ditman and Vechko, [43] Burgman et al, [44] and Bale and Toguri [47] and to those on the liquidus of Rosenqvist. [20] In the metal-rich region, more weight was assigned to the sulfur activity data measured in an induction furnace (Sherman et al, [52] 1550 ЊC; and Ishii and Fuwa, [62] 1550 ЊC and 1600 ЊC) and in a resistance furnace (Alcock and Cheng, [29] 1550 ЊC; Ban-ya and Chipman, [58] 1550 ЊC; and Hayashi and Uno, [61] 1600 ЊC), which are, respectively, in good agreement.…”