Thermodynamics of separation of uranium from neodymium between the gallium-indium liquid alloy and the LiCl-KCl molten salt phases

Smolenski, Valeri; Новоселова, А. В.; Осипенко, А. Г.; Kormilitsyn, M. V.; Luk’yanova, Ya.M.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2014.04.042

Cited by 48 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For this reason, the assessment of accurate electrochemical and thermochemical data of actinides as well as those of lanthanides is of high importance [14]. Therefore, thermodynamic properties of Lns and Ans were investigated on different cathodes, such as W [14], Ga [15,16], Cd [17,18], and Bi [18]. Lambertin et al [15] and Smolenski et al [16] researched thermodynamics of separation of Lns and Ans in liquid gallium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Therefore, thermodynamic properties of Lns and Ans were investigated on different cathodes, such as W [14], Ga [15,16], Cd [17,18], and Bi [18]. Lambertin et al [15] and Smolenski et al [16] researched thermodynamics of separation of Lns and Ans in liquid gallium. Masset et al [14] studied thermochemical properties of Lns (La, Nd) and Ans (U, Np, Pu, Am).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical extraction and separation of praseodymium and erbium on reactive magnesium electrode in molten salts

Wang

Han

et al. 2015

J Solid State Electrochem

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The electrochemical behaviors of Pr(III) and Er (III) in LiCl-KCl melts were studied on inert tungsten and reactive magnesium electrodes by cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, and open-circuit chronopotentiometry at 823 K. On a W electrode, the reduction of Pr(III) and Er(III) were found to be through a one-step process: Pr(III)+3e − → Pr, Er(III)+3e − →Er. On a Mg electrode, the reduction potentials of Pr(III)/Pr and Er(III)/Er were observed at more positive potential values than those on W electrode, due to the formation of Mg-Pr and Mg-Er intermetallic compounds when Pr(III) and Er(III) ions were reduced to Pr and Er metal and then react with the Mg substrate, respectively. The extraction of Pr(III) and Er(III) in LiCl-KCl melts were performed by galvanostatic electrolysis on Mg electrode, respectively. The Mg 3 Pr and Mg 24 Er 5 intermetallic compounds were obtained, which characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS). In order to separate the Pr(III) and Er(III), potentiostatic electrolysis was performed at −1.9 V in LiCl-KCl-PrCl 3 -ErCl 3 melts on a Mg electrode, only one MgPr intermetallic compound, Mg 12 Pr, was found in the deposit. The separation efficiency was evaluated via inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES) analysis at different electrolysis time during potentiostatic electrolysis at −1.9 V. The separation efficiency of Pr(III) was about 95.3 % from the mixture of PrCl 3 -ErCl 3 in LiClKCl melts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical extraction and separation of praseodymium and erbium on reactive magnesium electrode in molten salts

Wang

Han

et al. 2015

J Solid State Electrochem

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“…Uranium -Safety, Resources, Separation and Thermodynamic Calculation The data on Nd 3+ /Nd and U 3+ /U apparent standard electrode potentials in 3LiCl-2KCl eutectic were taken from the literature [7]. Temperature dependencies of Nd and U activity coefficients in liquid Ga-Al alloys were fitted to the Eqs.…”

Section: Me Gaàalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ga, however, is a trace element and therefore is rather expensive for the industrial application. Alloys of gallium with other elements, for example, aluminum or indium, can be employed instead of pure Ga. Ga-In and Ga-Al alloys are very prospective for reprocessing SNF [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics and Separation Factor of Uranium from Fission Products in “Liquid Metal-Molten Salt” System

Smolenski¹,

Новоселова²,

Bychkov³

et al. 2018

Uranium - Safety, Resources, Separation and Thermodynamic Calculation

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The present chapter contains the results of studying electrochemical and thermodynamic properties of La, Nd, and U in "liquid metal-molten salt" systems, where liquid metals were binary Ga-Al and Ga-In alloys of various compositions. The apparent standard potentials of ternary U-Ga-In, U-Ga-Al, La-Ga-In, La-Ga-Al, Nd-Ga-In, and Nd-Ga-Al alloys at various temperatures were determined, and the temperature dependencies were obtained. Primary thermodynamic properties (activity coefficients, partial excess Gibbs free energy change, partial enthalpy change of mixing, and excess entropy change) were calculated. The influence of the bimetallic alloy composition and the nature of lanthanide on thermodynamic properties of compounds are discussed. The values of U/Nd separation factors on gallium-aluminum and U/La on gallium-indium alloys were calculated. The value of the separation factors strongly depends on the alloy composition. Uranium in this case is accumulating in the metallic phase and lanthanides in the salt melt. Analysis of the data obtained showed the perspective use of the active cathodes (Ga-Al and Ga-In instead of single Cd) in future innovative methods for reprocessing spent nuclear fuels (SNF) and high-active nuclear wastes in the future of closed nuclear fuel cycle.

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“…Indium is a scattered element strongly dispersed in lithosphere. Indium and its compounds have been widely used to fabricate devices in military, aerospace, and other industries 1–4. Few studies concerning the presence and determination of trace indium were mentioned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Selective Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Sensor for Indium Detection Based on Recognition of In‐Alizarin Complexes

Zhang

Zeng

et al. 2015

Electroanalysis

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A highly selective molecularly imprinted polymer electrochemical sensor for In3+ detection was proposed. In3+ ion was chelated with alizarin red S to form a complex In‐ARS. The complex was used as the template molecule to prepare a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) based sensor. The selectivity of the sensor was improved significantly due to the three‐dimensional specific structure of the complex, and the selective complexation of ligands for metal ions. Moreover, the sensitivity of the proposed sensor was improved by recording the reductive current of ligand in complex. This technique was highly sensitive for quantitative analysis of In3+ in the concentrations ranged from 1×10−8 mol/L to 2.5×10−7 mol/L with a detection limit of 4.7×10−9 mol/L. The proposed sensor has been successfully used in detecting In3+ in real samples.

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Thermodynamics of separation of uranium from neodymium between the gallium-indium liquid alloy and the LiCl-KCl molten salt phases

Cited by 48 publications

References 27 publications

Electrochemical extraction and separation of praseodymium and erbium on reactive magnesium electrode in molten salts

Electrochemical extraction and separation of praseodymium and erbium on reactive magnesium electrode in molten salts

Thermodynamics and Separation Factor of Uranium from Fission Products in “Liquid Metal-Molten Salt” System

Highly Selective Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Sensor for Indium Detection Based on Recognition of In‐Alizarin Complexes

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