Thermodynamics of Mixtures Containing a Strongly Polar Compound. 9. Liquid−Liquid Equilibria for ε-Caprolactam + Selected Alkanes

Abstract

The coexistence curves of the liquid−liquid equilibria (LLE) for (ε-caprolactam + heptane), (ε-caprolactam + octane), (ε-caprolactam + nonane), (ε-caprolactam + decane), and (ε-caprolactam + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane) have been determined by critical opalescence with a laser scattering technique. All the curves show an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) and have a rather horizontal top, and their symmetry depends on the size of the alkane. The UCST increases almost linearly with the chain length of the alkane. For the octane mixture, the UCST is lower than for the solution including 2,2,4-trimethylpentane.

Liquid–Liquid Equilibria for Systems Containing 4-Phenylbutan-2-one or Benzyl Ethanoate and Selected Alkanes

“…The experimental ( x 1 , T ) pairs obtained for each system were correlated with the following equation: − ,− where In eqs –, m , k , α, T c , and x 1c are the parameters which must be adjusted against the experimental data. Particularly, ( x 1c , T c ) stands for the coordinates of the critical point.…”

“…As in previous applications, the LLE phase diagrams were determined by the method of critical opalescence. More details regarding the experimental technique can be found elsewhere . The liquid–liquid equilibrium temperatures were measured by means of a Pt-1000 resistance.…”

Thermodynamics of Mixtures Containing Amines. XV. Liquid–Liquid Equilibria for Benzylamine + CH3(CH2)nCH3 (n = 8, 9, 10, 12, 14)

“…13 The LLE temperatures of the binary systems were determined by the critical opalescence procedure. 14 Temperatures were measured with a Pt-1000 resistance thermometer calibrated on the basis of the ITS-90 scale of temperature considering the triple point of water and the fusion point of Ga as fixed points. The thermometer precision was ± 0.001 K and its accuracy was ± 0.05 K. Temperatures close to the upper critical solution temperature (UCST) were reproducible to ± 0.02 K. The precision of the equilibrium composition was ca.…”

“…It should be mentioned that benzyl radicals may also be important when stimulating ignition in diesel and petrol engines. 7 In this work, we obtained liquid−liquid equilibrium (LLE) temperatures for the mixtures benzylamine + CH 3 (CH 2 ) n CH 3 (n = 8, 9, 10,12,14). This type of measurement is useful to gain a deeper understanding of the interactions in the investigated mixtures.…”

Thermodynamics of mixtures containing amines. XI. Liquid+liquid equilibria and molar excess enthalpies at 298.15K for N-methylaniline+hydrocarbon systems. Characterization in terms of DISQUAC and ERAS models

“…Details of the experimental technique are given elsewhere [9,33]. A Pt-1000 resistance, calibrated, according to the ITS-90 scale of temperature against the triple point of the water and the fusion point of Ga, was used for the measurement of the equilibrium temperatures, T LLE .…”