Thermodynamics of Liquid Ca-Zn Alloys

Delcet, J.; Egan, J. J.

doi:10.1007/bf03257228

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Delcet and Egan [51] determined the activity of Ca at 1073 K using EMF measurement. No experimental data for the enthalpy of mixing of the liquid phase could be found in the literature.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical assessment and thermodynamic modeling of the binary Mg–Zn, Ca–Zn and ternary Mg–Ca–Zn systems

Wasiur-Rahman

Medraj

2009

Intermetallics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Delcet and Egan [51] determined the activity of Ca at 1073 K using EMF measurement. No experimental data for the enthalpy of mixing of the liquid phase could be found in the literature.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical assessment and thermodynamic modeling of the binary Mg–Zn, Ca–Zn and ternary Mg–Ca–Zn systems

Wasiur-Rahman

Medraj

2009

Intermetallics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…At 800 • C, Chiotti and Hecht [15] measured Zn vapor pressures by using the dew-point method for samples with greater than 50 at.% Zn and by the Knudsen effusion method for samples with lower Zn concentrations. Delcet and Egan [16] investigated the Ca activities in the liquid Ca-Zn alloys by using electro-motive force measurements on CaF 2 solid electrolyte cells. An excellent review paper about the thermodynamic properties of the Ca-Zn compounds has also been given by Notion et al [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to understand the physical and chemical properties of Ca-Zn intermetallic compounds, lots of experimental and theoretical works focusing on their crystallographic data [5,6,[8][9][10][11][12][13], thermodynamics [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], electronic properties [23][24][25], and elastic properties [26] have been carried out. For example, the crystal structures and lattice parameters of these eight Ca-Zn system intermetallic compounds have been reported, in particular Ca 3 Zn, CaZn and CaZn 3 by Fornasini et al [5,8]; Ca 5 Zn 3 by Bruzzone et al [6]; CaZn 2 by Schulze and Wieting [9]; CaZn 5 by Haucke [10] and Messing et al [4]; CaZn 11 by Iandelli and Palenzona [11]; and CaZn 13 by Ketelaar [12] and Iandelli and Palenzona [11], among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural, elastic, electronic properties and heats of formation of Ca–Zn intermetallics from first principles calculations

Yang¹,

Shi²,

Wen³

et al. 2012

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The potential of 0.9 V vs Ca 2+ /Ca corresponds to the Ca mole fraction of 1.6 × 10 −6 in liquid Ca-Zn alloy calculated from Henry's law and the reported activity coefficient of Ca at 1073 K (2.15 × 10 −3 ). 65 To confirm the reaction, the Zn electrode was galvanostatically electrolyzed at −1.06 A cm −2 for 30 min. The open-circuit potential immediately after electrolysis was 0.35 V. When the sample was analyzed by EDX, the composition of the surface zone was determined to be 90 at%Zn-10 at%Ca.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrolytic Production of Silicon Using Liquid Zinc Alloy in Molten CaCl₂

Yasuda

Shimao

Hagiwara

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A new electrolytic production process for solar-grade Si has been proposed utilizing liquid Si-Zn alloy cathode in molten CaCl 2 . To establish this process, the behavior of liquid Zn metal in molten CaCl 2 at 1123 K was investigated. Evaporation of Zn metal was largely suppressed by immersion in the molten salt, which enabled the use of a Zn electrode despite its high vapor pressure. Cyclic voltammetry results suggested that the reduction of SiO 2 on a Zn cathode proceeded at a more negative than 1.45 V vs. Ca 2+ /Ca. After potentiostatic electrolysis at 0.9 V, Si particles with sizes of 2-30 μm were precipitated in the solidified Zn matrix by a slow cooling process. The rate-determining step for electrochemical reduction of SiO 2 on the Zn cathode was discussed on the basis of a measurement of the alloying rate between solid Si and liquid Zn. Photovoltaic (PV) power generation has been developed as one of the key technologies that can mitigate the energy and environmental issues. Several national projects were launched in the 1970s such as the Sunshine Project of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) in Japan and the Federal Photovoltaic Utilization Program of the Department of Energy (DOE) in the United States. Since then, the situation has changed dramatically, especially in the most recent decade, as demonstrated by the increased installation of PV cells promoted by political and financial support in various countries, the broadened use of technologies ranging from conventional electronic calculators and independent power sources to large-scale power stations, and the diversification of solar cell materials. Accordingly, the production volume of PV cells has increased in the 21st century by a factor of more than 100; it was 285 MW in 2000 and 36,100 MW in 2013.1 The percentage of the production volume contributed by compound-type solar cells such as the CdTe type and Cu-In-Ga-Se (CIGS) type, which was only 0.4% in 2000, increased to 7.6% in 2013.1 PV cell installation is expected to increase further in the future, as these cells represent a key technology for addressing environmental issues and providing diverse energy sources. In terms of solar cell materials, compound-type solar cells have drawbacks for mass production because the production capacities are limited by the supply of component materials obtained as byproducts in nonferrous metallurgy. For instance, the production capacity of CdTe solar cells is at most 6 to 8 GW per year owing to the limited supply capacity of Te, 2 and that of CIGS solar cells is 20 to 30 GW owing to the limited supply of Ga. Therefore, crystalline Si solar cells are most likely to be the main product of the PV industry in the long run.High-purity Si used for crystalline Si solar cells is called solargrade Si (SOG-Si), and its purity exceeds 5N-7N. The Siemens process 3-6 using H 2 reduction and/or thermal decomposition of trichlorosilane (SiHCl 3 ), which is currently used to produce SOGSi, was originally developed to manufacture semiconductor-grade Si (1...

show abstract

Thermodynamics of Liquid Ca-Zn Alloys

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Critical assessment and thermodynamic modeling of the binary Mg–Zn, Ca–Zn and ternary Mg–Ca–Zn systems

Critical assessment and thermodynamic modeling of the binary Mg–Zn, Ca–Zn and ternary Mg–Ca–Zn systems

Structural, elastic, electronic properties and heats of formation of Ca–Zn intermetallics from first principles calculations

Electrolytic Production of Silicon Using Liquid Zinc Alloy in Molten CaCl₂

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Thermodynamics of Liquid Ca-Zn Alloys

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Critical assessment and thermodynamic modeling of the binary Mg–Zn, Ca–Zn and ternary Mg–Ca–Zn systems

Critical assessment and thermodynamic modeling of the binary Mg–Zn, Ca–Zn and ternary Mg–Ca–Zn systems

Structural, elastic, electronic properties and heats of formation of Ca–Zn intermetallics from first principles calculations

Electrolytic Production of Silicon Using Liquid Zinc Alloy in Molten CaCl2

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Electrolytic Production of Silicon Using Liquid Zinc Alloy in Molten CaCl₂