“…Although the simple derivations rehearsed above take as their point of departure the Gibbs state (or in other words the canonical ensemble), the resulting relations among the thermodynamic variables Ψ, S, M, J, β, Ω (or Ω), can be valid more generally, and we will assume that this is the case, specifically, for the relations (4), (6), (7), (10) and (11). (Remember in this connection that a canonical ensemble does not adequately describe systems in which two different thermodynamic phases are present simultaneously, nor can it be taken literally for systems containing black holes.…”