Thermodynamics of an austenitic stainless steel (AISI-348) under in situ TEM heavy ion irradiation

Tunes, Matheus A.; Greaves, Graeme; Kremmer, Thomas; Vishnyakov, Vladimir; Edmondson, Philip D.; Donnelly, Stephen E.; Pogatscher, Stefan; Schön, Cláudio Geraldo

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2019.08.041

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…[ 50 ] Although such retardation has been similarly reported in age‐hardenable Fe‐C alloys, [ 59,60 ] this phenomenon is opposed to common reports on austenitic stainless steels under energetic irradiation environments. [ 61–64 ] Recent values of solute‐vacancy binding energies were calculated by Wolverton; [ 65 ] ii)Guinier‐Preston zones (GPZs) and precipitation kinetics acceleration: as a result of neutron‐induced activation and transmutation of 27 AI, 28 Si via the nuclear reaction shown in Equation (), [ 66 ] increased nucleation and growth rates of GPZs and precipitation of phases such as Mg

_{2}

Si were observed in commercial AlMg and AlMgSi alloys at temperatures where vacancies are mobile. [ 50,53 ] Acceleration of

θ^{'}

‐phase (Al

_{2}

Cu) precipitation in Al‐based Cu containing alloys was also reported under low temperature neutron irradiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prototypic Lightweight Alloy Design for Stellar‐Radiation Environments

et al. 2020

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The existing literature data shows that conventional aluminium alloys may not be suitable for use in stellar-radiation environments as their hardening phases are prone to dissolve upon exposure to energetic irradiation, resulting in alloy softening which may reduce the lifetime of such materials impairing future human-based space missions. The innovative methodology of crossover alloying is herein used to synthesize an aluminium alloy with a radiation resistant hardening phase. This alloy-a crossover of 5xxx and 7xxx series Al-alloys-is subjected to extreme heavy ion irradiations in situ within a TEM up to a dose of 1 dpa and major experimental observations are made: the Mg 32 (Zn,Al) 49 hardening precipitates (denoted as T-phase) for this alloy system surprisingly survive the extreme irradiation conditions, no cavities are found to nucleate and displacement damage is observed to develop in the form of black-spots. This discovery indicates that a high phase fraction of hardening precipitates is a crucial parameter for achieving superior radiation tolerance. Based on such observations, this current work sets new guidelines for the design of metallic alloys for space exploration.

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_{2}

Si were observed in commercial AlMg and AlMgSi alloys at temperatures where vacancies are mobile. [ 50,53 ] Acceleration of

θ^{'}

‐phase (Al

_{2}

Cu) precipitation in Al‐based Cu containing alloys was also reported under low temperature neutron irradiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prototypic Lightweight Alloy Design for Stellar‐Radiation Environments

et al. 2020

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“…In addition, thermodynamics of the SIMP steel after irradiation should be concerned. Tunes et al [ 47 ] observed α′ and M 23 C 6 precipitates formed in the 30 keV Xe irradiated AISI-348 steel at 800 °C. A equilibrium state can be reached by ion irradiation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between Subsequent Irradiation and Co-Irradiation into SIMP Steel

et al. 2021

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A modern Chinese ferritic/martensitic steel SIMP, is a new perspective nuclear structural material for the spallation target in accelerator driven sub-critical system. In this work, aimed at exploring the radiation resistance properties of this material, we investigate the differences between simultaneous Fe and He ions irradiation and He implantation of SIMP steel pre-irradiated by Fe self-ions. The irradiations were performed at 300 °C. The radiation-induced hardening was evaluated by nano-indentation, while the lattice disorder was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Clear differences were found in the material microstructure after the two kinds of the ion irradiation performed. Helium cavities were observed in the co-irradiated SIMP steel, but not the case of He implantation with Fe pre-irradiation. In the same time, the size and density of Frank loops were different in the two different irradiation conditions. The reason for the different observed lattice disorders is discussed.

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“…A comment must be made on the nature of the precipitates formed as a result of heavy ion irradiation in the austenite matrix of the AISI-348 steel. The available literature suggest that the phase is the τ-carbide (Cr 23 C 6 ) [70,90,91], although a recent work [92] indicated that due to limited spatial resolution, an overlapping of lattice spacings between different Cr-rich carbide phases (Cr 23 C 6 , M 6 C and MC) will occur in the TEM and by this, a precise characterisation of such precipitates using existing electron microscope methods is not accurate. Due to these reasons, in this present work, the experimentally observed matrix phase instabilities are confirmed by the presence of Debye-Scherrer rings independent of the crystallographic phase and nature of the formed precipitates.…”

Section: Comprehensive Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of steel, the composition was furnished by the steel provider (as measured by ICP-OES) and it is found in ref. [70]. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was carried out in both alloys following sample preparation: Bright-Field (BF), Dark-Field (DF) and Selected-Area Electron Diffraction (SAED) were used in this work.…”

Section: Pre-and Post-irradiation Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%