Thermodynamics and kinetics of Zn(II) adsorption on crosslinked starch phosphates

Optimization of Nickel and Copper Ions Removal by Modified Mangrove Barks

“…Result in Table 4 shows the kinetic rate constants, value of experimental q e and theoretical calculated q e for MBB. From the result, it can be concluded that pseudo-second-order equation provides the best correlation coefficient (R 2 ) and agreement between the calculated q e and the experimental q e values, suggesting that chemisorption is the rate-determining step in the adsorption of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions on MBB [33]. …”

Copper (II) biosorption characteristic of Pleurotus spent mushroom compost

“…Thermodynamic parameters such as change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG), enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) were determined using the following equations [4]:…”

Synthesis, characterization, and secondary sludge dewatering performance of a novel combined silicon–aluminum–iron–starch flocculant

“…In recent years, starch derivatives used as flocculants have attracted considerable attention [13][14][15]. Cationic groups (amine and acrylamide [16][17][18]) and anionic groups (phosphate, xanthate, and carboxylate [14,[19][20][21][22]) have been incorporated in starch to obtain high-efficiency flocculants.…”