THERMODYNAMIC STUDY OF THE EXTRACTION OF INDIUM(III) AND CADMIUM(II) BY CYANEX 301 FROM CONCENTRATED HCl MEDIA

Extraction of Cadmium from Phosphoric Acid Using Resins Impregnated with Organophosphorus Extractants

“…Various processes have been investigated for the purification of phosphoric acid 2,3 or for cadmium extraction from acidic solutions; 4,5 one of the most promising is liquid/liquid extraction using selected solvent/extractant systems. [2][3][4][5] However, solvent extraction is frequently limited to industrial applications because of several economical, technical, and environmental constraints, including extractant dispersion, loss of solvent, and pollution impact. 6 To improve the applicability of solvent extraction systems, several impregnation techniques have been developed, including resin impregnation, 7,8 the use of liquid membrane systems, 9 and more recently, hollow fiber systems.…”

“…19 Cyanex 272, Cyanex 301, and Cyanex 302 were kindly donated by the Cytec Company (West Patterson, NJ), and PC-88A by Dailachi Chemical Industry Co. (Japan). Cyanex 272 is a phosphinic acid group extractant [di- (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinic acid], Cyanex 301 and Cyanex 302 are alkylthiophosphinic extractants [bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) dithiophosphinic acid and bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) thiophosphinic acid, respectively], and PC-88A is a phosphonic acid group extractant (ester 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid). Cadmium solutions were prepared by dilution of Titrisol Merck standards, and other analytical-grade reagents were supplied by Fisher (H 3 PO 4 ), Merck [Oxalic acid, Cu(NO 3 ) 2 ], Analitika de Me ´xico, S.A. (HNO 3 ), Quimir S.A. de C.V. (industrial phosphoric acid), General Products Company S.A. (Na 2 S 2 O 4 , A grade, 85%), and J. T. Baker (ethanol, EDTA, HCl, and Fe and Zn powder).…”

Non-aqueous solvent extraction of indium from an ethylene glycol feed solution by the ionic liquid Cyphos IL 101: speciation study and continuous counter-current process in mixer–settlers

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Other studies on acidic extractants investigated the dialkylphosphonic acid PC88A, 13 the dialkylphosphinic acid Cyanex 272, 6,14,15 and the dialkyl-dithiophosphinic acid Cyanex 301. 16,17 Solvating extractants tested for indium extraction include tri-n-butylphosphate (TBP), 6,18 and the commercial mixtures of trialkylphosphine oxides Cyanex 923. 19,20 A current trend is the use of ionic liquids, either as extractants, diluents or both, for the rening of indium by solvent extraction.…”

Selective separation and recovery of divalent Cd and Ni from sulphate solutions with mixtures of TOPS 99 and Cyanex 471 X

“…Many advantageous features such as the enhancement of separation ability and the appearance of new extraction function as well as the improvement of extractability are expected by the introduction of synergistic extraction system [28,29]. It is known that soft metals such as Cd can be extracted selectively from solutions containing Cd/Cd and Zn mixtures using sulphur-donor compounds such as Cyanex 301 (bis(2,4,4-trimethypentyl) dithiophosphinic acid), Cyanex 302 (bis(2,4,4-trimethypentyl) dithiophosphinic acid) [30] and Cyanex 471 X/alkyl sulphides in combination with substituted salicylic acids [16,18,20,21]. There are no reports on exploitation of this property for Cd-Ni separation.…”