Thermodynamic study of the effects of nanoparticles on thermal origin: A review

Abstract

According to ISO and ASTM specifications, nanoparticles are described as the particles with a size in the range of 1-100 with one or more dimensions, being the base of nanotechnology. In this study, a comprehensive review on the thermodynamic effects of nanoparticles on thermal origin is carried out. Firstly, the classification of nanoparticles, which includes organic, inorganic and carbon-based nanoparticles are introduced. Then, various applications of nanoparticles in many fields including cosmetics, sunscreens, electronics, catalysis, mechanics, manufacturing, materials, environment and energy harvesting are briefly highlighted. A comprehensive review on the recent research trends on the impacts of nanoparticles on thermal origin is collected and summarized. Afterwards, the physical, chemical, and thermal properties of nanoparticles are highlighted. In the end, a conclusion is withdrawn.