Thermodynamic Properties of Propanol and Butanol as Oxygenate Additives to Biofuels

Abstract

Abstract"lternative and renewable energy technologies are being sought throughout the world to reduce pollutant emissions and increase the eiciency of energy use. Oxygenate second-generation biofuels fuels lead to a reduction in pollutant emissions and their thermodynamic and transport properties allow that the facilities for transport, storage and distribution of fuels could be used without modiication. Higher alcohols, like propanol and butanol, enhance the octane number, boosting the anti-knock efect in gasoline. Then the compression ratio of the engines can be increased without risk of knocking, leading to higher delivery of power. From the combustion point of view, the production of carbon monoxide and volatile hydrocarbons from the combustion of alcohols is less than the one of gasoline. This chapter covers mixtures of butanol and propanol with hydrocarbons. The properties reviewed are excess volume or density VE), vapour-liquid equilibrium VLE), and heat capacity C p ).

Densities and Excess Molar Volumes of the Butan-1-ol + Cyclohexane + Benzene Ternary System within the Temperature Range (293.15–333.15) K and under Ambient Pressure

“…Its ability to selectively extract certain compounds from mixtures is valuable in various industries, such as in manufacturing vitamins, hormones, natural products, cosmetics, and essential oils . Beyond its industrial applications, butan-1-ol is increasingly being used as a fuel component due to its favorable properties such as higher energy content, lower hygroscopicity, and better blending characteristics compared to ethanol, , and particularly because it can be sustainably produced from biomass through the acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE 3:6:1) fermentation process . This “biobutanol” is considered a green alternative for use in unmodified gasoline engines, with blending capabilities up to 30% in diesel compression engines or 20% in jet turbine engines. , Additionally, benzene and cyclohexane, the two archetypical compounds of their respective classes, are prevalent constituents of extensively used petroleum refinery products like gasoline, naphtha, and kerosene…”

“…10 This "biobutanol" is considered a green alternative for use in unmodified gasoline engines, with blending capabilities up to 30% in diesel compression engines or 20% in jet turbine engines. 8,11 Additionally, benzene and cyclohexane, the two archetypical compounds of their respective classes, are prevalent constituents of extensively used petroleum refinery products like gasoline, naphtha, and kerosene. 12 The binary mixtures of butan-1-ol with cyclohexane and benzene, as well as the cyclohexane + benzene mixture, are interesting for a number of scientific and practical reasons.…”

Kinetic Modeling Study on the Combustion Characterization of Synthetic C3 and C4 Alcohols for Lean Premixed Prevaporized Combustion

“…Moreover, propanol and butanol isomers have higher polarity, octane rating and low vapor pressure as compared to methanol and ethanol which reduces emissions due to evaporation and the possible chance of an explosion [17]. Taking into account the thermodynamic properties such as latent heat of vaporization, there is a reduction in the overall combustion temperature hence leading to a reduction in NOx emissions [18]. Therefore, propanol and butanol isomers are targeted fuels in this study.…”