Thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria in the Fe–P system

Zaitsev, A. I.; Доброхотова, Ж. В.; Litvina, A. D.; Mogutnov, B. M.

doi:10.1039/ft9959100703

Cited by 53 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the first optimisation stage the thermodynamic parameters of all associates, including binary ones, was taken to be arbitrary. As a consequence, the thermodynamic functions of the binary complexes were found to coincide with those established from the data for {xFe + (1−x)Si}(l), (15) {yMn + (1−y)Si}(l), (16) {xFe + (1−x)P}(l), (14) and {yMn+(1−y)P}(l). (13) Some examples are given in table 3.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Modelsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…The first two were caused by Mn + and Fe + , which originated from Mn and Fe atoms, the other two by P + 2 and P + . The conventional method based on the pressure independence of the equilibrium constant of some gaseous reactions, as well as previous results, (13,14) were applied to assign the latter two lines. It was found that these ions originated from P 2 molecules and P atoms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, at the second stage of optimisation the thermodynamic characteristics of the binary associative complexes were assumed to be equal to those obtained earlier (13)(14)(15)(16) and only the thermodynamic parameters of ternary complexes and the coefficients of equation (2) were varied. The computations revealed that the experimental data on the activities of the components can be described by the suggested model with a precision not worse than the experimental one (2 to 3) per cent, if only the ternary complex (FeMnSi or FeMnP) and three terms in equation (2), describing the interaction between iron and manganese and between all three components, are taken into account.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This result is in good agreement with the well-known facts that the thermodynamic properties of {xFe + (1−x)Si}(l) and {yMn + (1−y)Si}(l), {xFe+(1−x)P}(l), and {yMn+(1−y)P}(l) are similar. (13)(14)(15)(16)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54) Iron and manganese activities decrease regularly as the configuration point moves from {xFe+(1−x)Mn}(l), which is nearly perfect, (17)(18)(19)(20)(21) toward {xFe+(1−x)Si}(l) or {yMn+(1−y)Si}(l) and toward {xFe+(1−x)P}(l) or {yMn+(1−y)P}(l), which are characterised by strong inter-particle interactions. The data in figures 1 to (27) and {yMn+(1−y)Si}(l) (55) are lower than the present results and data in reference 16 (see figure 2).…”

Section: Concentration Dependence Of Thermodynamic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it seems more logical to consider the possibility that ternary and higher-component associates might be formed. The alloys {xFe + yMn + (1−x−y)Si}(l) and {xFe+yMn+(1−x−y)P}(l) are convenient subjects for considerations of this kind, as the binary solutions {xFe + (1−x)Si}(l), {yMn + (1−y)Si}(l), {xFe + (1−x)P}(l) and {yMn + (1−y)P}(l) are well described by the ideal-associated-solution model (13)(14)(15)(16) and {xFe+(1−x)Mn}(l) is close to the perfect solution or is characterised by only minor deviations from Raoult's law. (17)(18)(19)(20)(21) At present, the thermodynamic data on {xFe+yMn+(1−x−y)Si}(l) and {xFe+yMn+(1−x−y)P}(l) are rather scarce and unreliable, even though these 0021-9614/96/030285+22 $18.00/0 7 1996 Academic Press Limited alloys are of major interest in materials science and metallurgy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Thermodynamic properties of {xFe +yMn + (1−x−y)Si}(1) and {xFe +yMn + (1−x−y)P}(1)

Зайцев

Litvina

Shelkova

et al. 1996

The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

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Section: Thermodynamic Modelsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermodynamic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Concentration Dependence Of Thermodynamic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Thermodynamic properties of {xFe +yMn + (1−x−y)Si}(1) and {xFe +yMn + (1−x−y)P}(1)

Зайцев

Litvina

Shelkova

et al. 1996

The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

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Representation Reaction Abilities of Structural Units and Related Thermodynamic Properties in Fe–P Binary Melts Based on the Atom–Molecule Coexistence Theory

Yang

et al. 2013

steel research int.

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A thermodynamic model for calculating the mass action concentrations of structural units in FeÀP binary melts based on the atomÀmolecule coexistence theory, i.e., AMCTÀN i model, has been developed and verified through comparing with the reported activities of both P and Fe in FeÀP binary melts with mole fraction x P of P <0.33 in a temperature from 1406 K to 1973 K. The calculated mass action concentration N P of P or N Fe of Fe has a very good 1:1 corresponding relationship with the reported activity a R,P of P or a R,Fe of Fe relative to pure liquid P(l) or Fe(l) as standard state, and can be applied to substitute the measured activity a R,P of P or a R,Fe of Fe in FeÀP binary melts. The Raoultian activity coefficient g 0 P of P and g 0 Fe of Fe in the infinitely dilute solution of FeÀP binary melts in a temperature from 1406 K to 1973 K have been determined from the calculated mass action concentrations N i of structural units in FeÀP binary melts. The activity a R,i , a %,i , and a H,i of P or Fe relative to three standard states have been obtained. The values of the first-order activity interaction coefficient e i i or e i i or h i i of P and Fe related with activity coefficients g i or f %,i or f H,i of P and Fe in FeÀP binary melts are also determined.

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Towards Zero CO2 Continuous Steelmaking Directly from Ore

Warner

2014

Metall Mater Trans B

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In-line continuous processing of high-grade hematite ore (crushed ore or fines) with a pure hydrogen reductant is assessed. An appraisal is made of the rate controlling mechanisms involved in the reduction of a pure layer of molten wustite being transported by floating on a molten carrier iron carbon-free medium at temperatures just in excess of the iron melting point. Published research clearly indicates that under these conditions the kinetics are principally controlled by molecular gaseous diffusion. Thus, the rate is essentially not influenced by total gas pressure above 1 atmosphere. Accordingly, on safety grounds it is recommended that high pressure should not be used for hydrogen steelmaking in the future, but the operation should be conducted close to atmospheric pressure with low pressure steam encapsulation of the plant items involved. Using hydrogen as the reductant means that sub-surface nucleation of CO bubbles cannot disrupt continuous processing. The operation is then no different to processing a normal liquid phase. The off-gases from the reduction zone of a melt circulation loop are superclean and only contaminated with iron vapor. Accordingly, the best available technology becomes available for energy conservation without risk of non-fusible solids deposition. The net result is that the energy requirements are expected to be superior to other potential processes.

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Thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria in the Fe–P system

Cited by 53 publications

References 19 publications

Thermodynamic properties of {xFe +yMn + (1−x−y)Si}(1) and {xFe +yMn + (1−x−y)P}(1)

Thermodynamic properties of {xFe +yMn + (1−x−y)Si}(1) and {xFe +yMn + (1−x−y)P}(1)

Representation Reaction Abilities of Structural Units and Related Thermodynamic Properties in Fe–P Binary Melts Based on the Atom–Molecule Coexistence Theory

Towards Zero CO2 Continuous Steelmaking Directly from Ore

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