Thermodynamic modelling of the formation of zinc–manganese ferrite spinel in electric arc furnace dust

Pickles, C.A.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.03.005

Cited by 37 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The heat capacity, enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy of a single species and reaction systems of pure substances were provided by the built-in database in the HSC Chemistry. 26 The Gibbs free energy of the reactions of various Mg-and Ca-bearing species with ammonium chloride were calculated in a wide temperature range.…”

Section: Materials and Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The different species and phases, which were known to exist, were specified into the reaction equation module of HSC Chemistry 7.1 to calculate multicomponent equilibrium compositions for the heterogeneous systems. The heat capacity, enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy of a single species and reaction systems of pure substances were provided by the built-in database in the HSC Chemistry . The Gibbs free energy of the reactions of various Mg- and Ca-bearing species with ammonium chloride were calculated in a wide temperature range.…”

Section: Materials and Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indirect Carbonation of Victorian Brown Coal Fly Ash for CO₂ Sequestration: Multiple-Cycle Leaching-Carbonation and Magnesium Leaching Kinetic Modeling

et al. 2014

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In this paper, a closed-loop multistep process which allows leaching and precipitation of magnesium and calcium as carbonate from Victorian brown coal fly ash has been examined. Victorian brown coal fly ash has a distinctively high concentration of alkaline earth metals and low amounts of aluminum and silica. The main objective here is to clarify the dissolution kinetics of magnesium and calcium in regenerative ammonium chloride and subsequent carbonation of dissolved cations. Instead of a once-through test with fresh ammonium chloride, multiple locked circuits were adopted to assess the leaching capability of regenerated ammonium salt, as well as the accumulation of impurities upon the recycling and reuse of the leaching agent. As has been revealed, upon increasing cycles of ammonium chloride use, the extraction yields of both target cations decreased significantly. Their extraction by ammonium chloride was favored by the presence of the oxide form in the original ash sample, with the extraction of calcium occurring much faster than that of magnesium. Both phenomena were in agreement with the thermodynamic equilibrium prediction on the lowest Gibbs function for the dissolution of oxides, especially calcium oxide in ammonium chloride solution. Carbonation results dropped gradually upon the increase in the cycle number; meanwhile, the size and morphology of precipitates were changed from the first to last cycle. By fitting the observed results with a shrinking core model, it was shown that the extraction of Mg2+ followed a pseudo-second-order reaction with a nonconstant ammonium chloride concentration in the film layer on the surface of a solid particle. The activation energy of 20.7 kJ mol–1 was obtained for the dissolution of magnesium from both Hazelwood fly ash and pure MgO in ammonium chloride solution.

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Section: Materials and Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials and Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect Carbonation of Victorian Brown Coal Fly Ash for CO₂ Sequestration: Multiple-Cycle Leaching-Carbonation and Magnesium Leaching Kinetic Modeling

et al. 2014

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“…are most widely used among magnetic materials . Traditionally, almost all spinel ferrites were synthesized using chemical reagents as raw materials, but more sustainable routes are now being used, like conversion of waste into ferrites. , In the present work, we conduct a new method for conversion of converter steel slag into multidoped M x Mg 1– x Fe 2 O 4 spinel, with the intent to discover a sustainable route for effective utilization of converter steel slag.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycle of Valuable Metals in Converter Steel Slag for Preparing Multidoped M_xMg_1–xFe₂O₄ (M = Mn, Ca) Spinel

Cui

Huang

et al. 2013

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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A new route for preparing multidoped spinels M x Mg 1−x Fe 2 O 4 (M = Mn, Ca) by using converter steel slag as raw materials is proposed in this study. All of Mg, Fe, M, and dopants used to prepare M x Mg 1−x Fe 2 O 4 were simultaneously recovered from the slag. The results indicate that the slagderived M x Mg 1−x Fe 2 O 4 exhibited a single-phase spinel and when calcined at 1000°C gave a saturation magnetization of 17.48 emu/g.

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“…Pickles [14,15] have investigated the effect of different parameters on the formation of zinc-manganese ferrite in EAF dust using thermodynamic analysis for the Zn-Fe-Mn-O-H-C system. He has reported that gas composition, mainly high ratio of CO/CO 2 and H 2 /H 2 O has a significant impact on limiting the formation of both ZnO and ZnFe 2 O 4 .…”

Section: Zinc Oxide and Zinc Ferrite Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic analysis of zinc ferrite (ZnFe₂O₄) formation inside the HIsarna off-gas system

Hosseini

Moosavi-Khoonsari

Meijer

et al. 2022

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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HIsarna reactor is characterized by a high raw materials versatility and is therefore attractive for processing secondary iron sources. Among the materials that can be recycled through HIsarna, zinc-bearing material has drawn a special attention. Based on the plant data, once dust-containing Zinc was injected into the main reactor, a final collected dust with a zinc content of 16% was achieved which opened up possibilities of higher enrichment for direct reuse in Zn smelting as a secondary source and an alternative for Zn ore (the primary source). However Zn vapor can react with iron oxide to form zinc ferrite (ZnFe 2 O 4 ), which is an undesired product. Hence, the main focus of this study is to minimize the formation of ZnFe 2 O using thermodynamic (FactSage) and computational fluid dynamic tools. After detecting regions with high potential of ZnFe 2 O 4 formation, proper geometrical and operational modifications of the off-gas system is proposed to minimize the formation of zinc ferrite.

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Thermodynamic modelling of the formation of zinc–manganese ferrite spinel in electric arc furnace dust

Cited by 37 publications

References 8 publications

Indirect Carbonation of Victorian Brown Coal Fly Ash for CO₂ Sequestration: Multiple-Cycle Leaching-Carbonation and Magnesium Leaching Kinetic Modeling

Indirect Carbonation of Victorian Brown Coal Fly Ash for CO₂ Sequestration: Multiple-Cycle Leaching-Carbonation and Magnesium Leaching Kinetic Modeling

Recycle of Valuable Metals in Converter Steel Slag for Preparing Multidoped M_xMg_1–xFe₂O₄ (M = Mn, Ca) Spinel

Thermodynamic analysis of zinc ferrite (ZnFe₂O₄) formation inside the HIsarna off-gas system

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Thermodynamic modelling of the formation of zinc–manganese ferrite spinel in electric arc furnace dust

Cited by 37 publications

References 8 publications

Indirect Carbonation of Victorian Brown Coal Fly Ash for CO2 Sequestration: Multiple-Cycle Leaching-Carbonation and Magnesium Leaching Kinetic Modeling

Indirect Carbonation of Victorian Brown Coal Fly Ash for CO2 Sequestration: Multiple-Cycle Leaching-Carbonation and Magnesium Leaching Kinetic Modeling

Recycle of Valuable Metals in Converter Steel Slag for Preparing Multidoped MxMg1–xFe2O4 (M = Mn, Ca) Spinel

Thermodynamic analysis of zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) formation inside the HIsarna off-gas system

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Indirect Carbonation of Victorian Brown Coal Fly Ash for CO₂ Sequestration: Multiple-Cycle Leaching-Carbonation and Magnesium Leaching Kinetic Modeling

Indirect Carbonation of Victorian Brown Coal Fly Ash for CO₂ Sequestration: Multiple-Cycle Leaching-Carbonation and Magnesium Leaching Kinetic Modeling

Recycle of Valuable Metals in Converter Steel Slag for Preparing Multidoped M_xMg_1–xFe₂O₄ (M = Mn, Ca) Spinel

Thermodynamic analysis of zinc ferrite (ZnFe₂O₄) formation inside the HIsarna off-gas system