Thermodynamic modeling of the KCl+formamide/glucose/proline+water ternary systems and activity coefficient prediction based on artificial neural network

Activity Coefficients of CsCl in PEG 200–H2O and PEG 600–H2O Mixtures at 298.15 K

“…The reason for this tendency is that the ion–ion (association) interactions are the dominant factor for the ε-decreasing cosolvent. , When the concentration of CsCl was given, γ ± decreased with the increasing content of PEG 200 or PEG 600 in the mixed solvent. This phenomenon is the same as in the some other systems, such as alcohol–water, amino acid–water, amide–water and so on. , The increase of PEG in the cosolvent system will decrease the dielectric constant. Usually, low dielectric constant results in stronger interaction between ion–ion and relatively lower concentration for solvation free ions.…”

“…This phenomenon is the same as in the some other systems, such as alcohol−water, amino acid−water, amide−water and so on. 25,26 The increase of PEG in the cosolvent system will decrease the dielectric constant. Usually, low dielectric constant results in stronger interaction between ion−ion and relatively lower concentration for solvation free ions.…”