Thermodynamic equilibrium diagram of CaCl2-Ca(OH)2-H2O system

Liu, Weiping; Xu, Hui; Yang, Xiyun; Shi, Xichang; Chen, Ya

doi:10.1007/s11771-012-1337-2

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…According to those data, the measured pH corresponded to the Al(H 2 O) 6 3+ soluble compound, i.e., the hydrolysis of the AlCl 3 salt delivered rather a large amount of chlorine ions, which are known to promote aluminum corrosion [ 119 , 120 ]. In studies [ 121 , 122 ], CaCl 2 was reported to be hydrolyzed with the formation of [CaOH] + ; the fraction of the ‘released’ chlorine ions, however, was far less than that for AlCl 3 . And the NaCl solution was subjected to negligible hydrolysis at most.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver-Assisted Hydrogen Evolution from Aluminum Oxidation in Saline Media

Buryakovskaya,

Maslakov,

Borshchev

et al. 2024

Molecules

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A swarf of aluminum alloy with high corrosion resistance and ductility was successfully converted into fine hydro reactive powders via ball milling with silver powder and either lithium chloride or gallium. The latter substances significantly intensified particle size reduction, while silver formed ‘cathodic’ sites (Ag, Ag2Al), promoting Al corrosion in aqueous saline solutions with hydrogen generation. The diffraction patterns, microphotographs, and elemental analysis results demonstrated partial aluminum oxidation in the samples and their contamination with tungsten carbide from milling balls. Those factors were responsible for obtaining lower hydrogen yields than expected. For AlCl3 solution at 60 °C, Al–LiCl–Ag, Al–LiCl, Al–Ga–Ag, and Al–Ga composites delivered (84.6 ± 0.2), (86.8 ± 1.4), (80.2 ± 0.5), and (76.7 ± 0.7)% of the expected hydrogen, respectively. Modification with Ag promoted Al oxidation, thus providing higher hydrogen evolution rates. The samples with Ag were tested in a CaCl2 solution as well, for which the reaction proceeded much more slowly. At a higher temperature (80 °C) after 3 h of experiment, the corresponding hydrogen yields for Al–LiCl–Ag and Al–Ga–Ag powders were (46.7 ± 2.1) and (31.8 ± 1.9)%. The tested Ag-modified composite powders were considered promising for hydrogen generation and had the potential for further improvement to deliver higher hydrogen yields.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver-Assisted Hydrogen Evolution from Aluminum Oxidation in Saline Media

Buryakovskaya,

Maslakov,

Borshchev

et al. 2024

Molecules

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“…Although we observe the most phase pure CaCuSi 4 O 10 product from CaCl 2 ⋅2 H 2 O and Cu(NO 3 ) 2 ⋅2.5 H 2 O starting materials, CaCuSi 4 O 10 also forms from Ca(NO 3 ) 2 ⋅4 H 2 O+Cu(NO 3 ) 2 ⋅2.5 H 2 O. One expects little difference in chemistry between CaCl 2 and Ca(NO 3 ) 2 here, with both converting to Ca(OH) 2 under these conditions 21. Curiously, a small amount of CaCuSi 4 O 10 also is generated from Ca(NO 3 ) 2 ⋅4 H 2 O+Cu(NO 3 ) 2 ⋅2.5 H 2 O in the presence of NaOH, despite Na 2 CuSi 4 O 10 formation, which may reflect subtle effects related to the solubility and reactivity of calcium and copper hydroxides when approaching the supercritical point of water 22…”

Section: Hydrothermal Experiments At 350 °C and 3000 Psimentioning

confidence: 94%

“…[20] Althoughw eo bserve the most phase pure 2 here, with both converting to Ca(OH) 2 under these conditions. [21] Curiously,as mall amount of CaCuSi 4 O 10 also is generated from Ca(NO 3 ) 2 ·4 H 2 O + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 ·2.5 H 2 Oi nt he presence of NaOH, despite Na 2 CuSi 4 O 10 formation, whichm ay reflect subtle effects relatedt ot he solubility and reactivity of calcium and copper hydroxides when approachingt he supercritical point of water. [22] Reaction temperature/pressure is another key parameter in this system.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Formation of Calcium Copper Tetrasilicate

Johnson-McDaniel

Comer

Kolis

et al. 2015

Chemistry A European J

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We describe the first hydrothermal synthesis of CaCuSi4 O10 as micron-scale clusters of thin platelets, distinct from morphologies generated under salt-flux or solid-state conditions. The hydrothermal reaction conditions are surprisingly specific: too cold, and instead of CaCuSi4 O10 , a porous calcium copper silicate forms; too hot, and calcium silicate (CaSiO3 ) forms. The precursors also strongly impact the course of the reaction, with the most common side product being sodium copper silicate (Na2 CuSi4 O10 ). Optimized conditions for hydrothermal CaCuSi4 O10 formation from calcium chloride, copper(II) nitrate, sodium silicate, and ammonium hydroxide are 350 °C at 3000 psi for 72 h; at longer reaction times, competitive delamination and exfoliation causes crystal fragmentation. These results illustrate that CaCuSi4 O10 is an even more unique material than previously appreciated.

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