Thermodynamic consideration of the mixed micelle of surfactants

Motomura, Kinsi; Yamanaka, Masanori; Aratono, Makoto

doi:10.1007/bf01490027

Cited by 404 publications

(277 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These include pseudophase separation models based on the Gibbs-Duhem equation which use slopes of the CMC as a function of monomer concentrations (23) or bulk composition (108). This approach offers the advantage that it does not assume a particular form for the free energy of mixing (as in the regular solution approach), although it also does not predict CMCs but uses them as input data to calculate other properties of the system.…”

Section: Modeling Mixed Micellar Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed Surfactant Systems

Holland¹,

Rubingh

1992

Mixed Surfactant Systems

251

329

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The properties and behavior of mixed surfactant systems are discussed in the context of experimental techniques and modeling. The overview begins with a general description of mixed surfactant solutions, followed by a more detailed examination of mixed micelles, surfactant mixtures at interfaces, and the phase behavior of mixed systems. Topics include experimental measurements, approaches to modeling, nonideality, unusual surfactant types, micellar demixing, adsorption at various interfaces, chemical reactions in micelles, precipitation, cloud point phenomena and perspectives on the direction of future research on mixed surfactant systems.Mixed surfactant systems are encountered in nearly all practical applications of surfactants. These mixtures arise from several sources. First is the natural polydispersity of commercial surfactants which results from impurities in starting materials and variability in reaction products during their manufacture. These are less expensive to produce than isomerically pure surfactants and often provide better performance. Second is the deliberate formulation of mixtures of different surfactant types to exploit synergistic behavior in mixed systems or to provide qualitatively different types of performance in a single formulation (e.g. cleaning plus fabric softening). Finally, practical formulations often require the addition of surfactant additives to help control the physical properties of the product or improve its stability.

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Section: Modeling Mixed Micellar Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed Surfactant Systems

Holland¹,

Rubingh

1992

Mixed Surfactant Systems

251

329

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“…Especially with regards to synergism, the monograph by Rosen has given a detailed explanation of the measures to evaluate it for various actual cases (10), and the one by Tsujii has presented important information on the physical chemistry of synergism (12). A strict thermodynamic consideration of the mixed micelles of surfactants (15) and a treatment of the excess thermodynamic quantities of adsorption (16) are also worthy of note.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption and Micelle Formation of Mixed Surfactant Systems in Water. III. A Comparison between Cationic Gemini / Cationic and Cationic Gemini / Nonionic Combinations

et al. 2003

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A surface tension study (drop volume method) was performed at 30 on micellization and adsorbed film formation of a mixed system of a cationic Gemini-type surfactant with a cationic surfactant in comparison with another mixed system of the same Gemini-type surfactant with a nonionic surfactant. The systems studied were Bis-ammonium Gemini derived from tartaric acid dibromide salt [BAGTB, 1,4-Bis(trimethylammonio)-2,3-dodecyloxy butane dibromide] with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB): BAGTB / HTAB mixed system and with n-decanoyl-N-methylglucamide (MEGA-10): BAGTB/MEGA-10 mixed system. The data of surface tension (g ) vs logarithmic molality plots as a function of mole fraction of surfactant 2 (2 corresponds to HTAB or MEGA-10), X 2 , enabled us to determine the critical micellization concentration (CMC), the surface tension at CMC (g CMC ), surface excess concentration (G t ), the mean molecular surface area (A m ), the partial molecular area (PMA), and the measures of efficiency of adsorption (pC 20 = log C 20 ) and CMC/C 20 which is available for evaluating the facilitating balance between adsorption and micellization. In addition, a newly defined measure of synergism in surface activity, i. e., the minimum surface Gibbs energy (G ) was employed. Based on these data, the examination of synergism in micelle formation and in surface tension reduction elucidated that the Gemini-type surfactant does not exhibit any positive synergism for either BAGTB / HTAB or BAGTB / MEGA-10 mixed systems. Most of these parameters are found to depend conspicuously on the mixing ratio for both mixtures; indicating that the state of adsorbed film is divided into three ranges of X 2 ; the lower, the middle and the higher. The compositions of micelles formed at CMC (Y 2 ) and of adsorbed film (Z 2 ) equilibinated with bulk solution at a fixed surface tension were estimated.

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“…Most of the calculated CMCs showed an almost ideal mixing behavior according to Equation (7), shown in Figure 4(b), Figure 4(c) and Figure 4(e) (straight line). Here, we refer to the thermodynamic model described by Clint and Motomura [15] [25]. In our study, however, little deviation from ideal behavior is observed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Analyzing the Physico-Chemical Parameters of Detergents and Detergent Mixtures

Tschapek¹,

Smits²,

Schmitt³

2015

ACES

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The most important physico-chemical characteristics describing detergent micelles are the CMC value and the aggregation number. These parameters depend critically on external conditions such as pH, ionic strength, buffer composition or temperature. However, the influence of these conditions on CMC or aggregation number is a priori not to predict, but the most important parameter. This holds especially for the aggregation number. Here, we present a simple, reliable and fast method for the analysis of detergent containing buffer systems. It enables the determination of CMC values and aggregation numbers of detergents as well as detergent mixtures in a 96well plate standard device relying on steady state fluorescence and fluorescence quenching. To prove the general applicability of our approach, we analyzed DDM as a prime example of a detergent and mixtures of DDM with six other detergents at different ratios to demonstrate the potential of our method.

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Thermodynamic consideration of the mixed micelle of surfactants

Cited by 404 publications

References 16 publications

Mixed Surfactant Systems

Mixed Surfactant Systems

Adsorption and Micelle Formation of Mixed Surfactant Systems in Water. III. A Comparison between Cationic Gemini / Cationic and Cationic Gemini / Nonionic Combinations

Analyzing the Physico-Chemical Parameters of Detergents and Detergent Mixtures

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