Thermodynamic characteristics of solute-solvent interactions in liquid organic salt solvents, studied by gas chromatography

Furton, Kenneth G.; POOLE, C

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(87)80055-9

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Early attempts to classify ionic liquids employed the Rohrschneider–McReynolds approach using the retention index differences for a series of prototypical compounds measured on the ionic liquid and a hydrocarbon reference stationary phase, squalane, to establish the contribution of individual intermolecular interactions to the retention mechanism 33, 44–46. In addition, the sum of the retention index differences for five of the McReynolds' prototypical compounds, or the free energy of solution for a methylene group, was suggested as a general polarity scale 33, 42, 47.…”

Section: Packed Columnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the solutes which are significant hydrogen‐bond acids ( n ‐butanol and 2‐methyl‐propanol) are shifted substantially in good agreement with the relative hydrogen‐bond basicity of the three anions. Varying the type of alkylammonium cation for 4‐toluenesulfonate salts shows a general increase in retention with an increase in molecular weight of the cation, but hardly any noticeable change in selectivity as cations with N–H groups are replaced by N‐R groups 45. Interestingly, the system constants for the tetra‐ n ‐butylammonium and tetra‐ n ‐butylphosphonium ionic liquids with a common ion are identical within statistical uncertainty, indicating that for these analogous salts the identity of the cation is unimportant to their solvation properties.…”

Section: Packed Columnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ionic liquid stationary phases for gas chromatography

Poole

2011

J of Separation Science

209

108

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This article provides a summary of the development of ionic liquids as stationary phases for gas chromatography beginning with early work on packed columns that established details of the retention mechanism and established working methods to characterize selectivity differences compared with molecular stationary phases through the modern development of multi-centered cation and cross-linked ionic liquids for high-temperature applications in capillary gas chromatography. Since there are many reviews on ionic liquids dealing with all aspects of their chemical and physical properties, the emphasis in this article is placed on the role of gas chromatography played in the design of ionic liquids of low melting point, high thermal stability, high viscosity, and variable selectivity for separations. Ionic liquids provide unprecedented opportunities for extending the selectivity range and temperature-operating range of columns for gas chromatography, an area of separation science that has otherwise been almost stagnant for over a decade.

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Section: Packed Columnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Packed Columnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic liquid stationary phases for gas chromatography

Poole

2011

J of Separation Science

209

108

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“…The organic portion of the anion for tetrabutyl ammonium sulfonate salts seems to affect the magnitude of the solute proton acceptor interactions [32,33]. Thermodynamic characterization of solute -solvent interactions for tetrabutyl cationic and 4-toluene sulfonate anionic ILs has shown these ILs act as polar, nonionic GC phases [34]. A thermodynamic comparison of tetra-n-butyl-phosphonium and -ammonium ILs showed the phosphonium compounds solvate hydrocarbons better [35].…”

Section: Ils As Standard-coated Gc Stationary Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of ionic liquids in analytical separations

Shamsi

Danielson

2007

J of Separation Science

178

103

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Ionic liquids (ILs), as separation media, have made significant contributions in the past decades in advancing research in gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC), and capillary electrophoresis (CE). This review, covering reports published from the mid 1980s to early 2007, shows how ILs have been used so far in separation science, originally primarily as GC stationary phases and later as mobile phase additives (both millimolar and major percent levels) for LC and CE. Representative GC and LC chromatograms as well as CE electropherograms are shown. In addition, the very recent findings on the development of ionic liquids with surfactant properties and its applications for chiral and achiral analysis are discussed.

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“…The properties of surface-active agents usually depend on the hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) and/or on their polarity (7,8). Inverse gas chromatography is a simple procedur~ which allows the definition of accurate and reliable quantitative parameters for the polarity determination of organic compounds such as surfactants (9,10), organic salts (11) and extractants (12)(13)(14).…”

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confidence: 99%

Polarity of broad and narrow distributed ethoxylates of fatty alcohols

Voelkel

Szymanowski

Hreczuch

1993

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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The polarity of broad-and narrow-range alcohol ethoxylates was studied by inverse gas chromatography. The narrow-range alcohol ethoxylates (NRD) exhibit higher polarity at 70°C than the broadly distributed products (BRD). The difference in polarity between BRD and NRD products decreases, however, with increasing temperature and diminishes at 110°C, which can be predicted from structural increments. The rise of the average number of oxyethylene units increases polarity of the examined products. The changes of ethoxylate polarity are well described by examined parameters with the exception of AG~(CH~. KEY WORDS: Broad-and narrow-range ethoxylates, fatty alcohol inverse gas chromatography, polarity.Polarity parameters. The following parameters were used to express the ability of examined surfactants to interact by different intermolecular forces with the selected group of standard solutes: (i) the difference of retention indices of the first five McReynolds solutes as measured

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Thermodynamic characteristics of solute-solvent interactions in liquid organic salt solvents, studied by gas chromatography

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Ionic liquid stationary phases for gas chromatography

Ionic liquid stationary phases for gas chromatography

Utility of ionic liquids in analytical separations

Polarity of broad and narrow distributed ethoxylates of fatty alcohols

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