Thermodynamic argument about SnO2 nanoribbon growth

Beltrán, Armando; Andrés, Juán; Longo, Elson; Leite, E. R.

doi:10.1063/1.1594837

Cited by 119 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The main structures formed during these treatments are rods and tubes of different sizes, with rectangular cross section and well-defined lateral faces. Based on an analysis of the surface energy in several crystallographic orientations Beltran et al 13 obtained the stability …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taking into account that our tubes show a rectangular cross section and according to the discussion of Ref. 13, the most probable growth direction seems to be the ͓101͔. The narrow and the wide lateral surfaces of the rectangular tube would be the ͑010͒ and ͑10-1͒ planes, respectively, as the ͑10-1͒ plane has a lower free formation energy and can be developed more readily.…”

Section: -2mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth and luminescence properties of micro- and nanotubes in sintered tin oxide

Maestre

Cremades

Piqueras

2005

Journal of Applied Physics

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Sintering SnO 2 under argon flow at temperatures in the range of 1350-1500°C causes the formation of wires, rods, and tubes on the sample surface. At high temperatures of the mentioned range, microwires with lengths of hundreds of microns are formed. At lower temperatures the formation of micro-and nanorods as well as micro-and nanotubes takes place. The influence of ball milling of the starting powder on the formation of tubes is investigated. The local cathodoluminescence measurements show a different defect structure in the tubes than in the sample background.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and luminescence properties of micro- and nanotubes in sintered tin oxide

Maestre

Cremades

Piqueras

2005

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Our group has developed a working methodology, which has been applied to the study of different morphologies in different metal oxides such as SnO 2 [55][56][57], PbMoO 4 [58], and CaWO 4 [59]. The relative growth rates of crystal faces, which depend on environmental conditions, cause transformations in crystal morphology because of the appearance and/or disappearance of faces.…”

Section: State-of-the-art Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of surface stability on the morphological transformation of metals and metal oxides as investigated by first-principles calculations

et al. 2015

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Morphology is a key property of materials. Owing to their precise structure and morphology, crystals and nanocrystals provide excellent model systems for joint experimental and theoretical investigations into surface-related properties. Faceted polyhedral crystals and nanocrystals expose well-defined crystallographic planes depending on the synthesis method, which allow for thoughtful investigations into structure-reactivity relationships under practical conditions. This feature article introduces recent work, based on the combined use of experimental findings and first-principles calculations, to provide deeper knowledge of the electronic, structural, and energetic properties controlling the morphology and the transformation mechanisms of different metals and metal oxides: Ag, anatase TiO 2 , BaZrO 3 , and α-Ag 2 WO 4 . According to the Wulff theorem, the equilibrium shapes of these systems are obtained from the values of their respective surface energies. These investigations are useful to gain further understanding of how to achieve morphological control of complex three-dimensional crystals by tuning the ratio of the surface energy values of the different facets. This strategy allows the prediction of possible morphologies for a crystal and/or nanocrystal by controlling the relative values of surface energies.

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“…Note that there are several experimental reports on the fabrication of nanostructured SnO 2 13-17 . Beltran et al 18 , have discussed the thermodynamic stability of nanostructured SnO 2 and have shown (both theoretically and experimentally) the possibility of nanosheets formation.First-principles calculations based on density functional theory within the local spin density approximation (LSDA) 19 and generalized gradient approximation (GGA) 20 were performed using the SIESTA code, …”

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confidence: 99%

Intrinsic magnetism in nanosheets of SnO2: A first-principles study

Rahman

García‐Suárez

Morbec

2013

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

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We propose intrinsic magnetism in nanosheets of SnO2, based on first-principles calculations. The electronic structure and spin density reveal that p orbitals of the oxygen atoms, surrounding Sn vacancies, have a non itinerant nature which gives birth to localized magnetism. A giant decrease in defect formation energies of Sn vacancies in nanosheets is observed. We, therefore, believe that native defects can be stabilized without any chemical doping. Nanosheets of different thicknesses are also studied, and it is found that it is easier to create vacancies, which are magnetic, at the surface of the sheets. SnO2 nanosheets can, therefore, open new opportunities in the field of spintronics.The quest for room temperature (RT) ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS), where transition metal (TM) (magnetic) impurities are doped into semiconductor hosts, e.g., Mn in GaAs 1 , has motivated many theoretical and experimental studies. TM impurities were found however to produce intrinsic defects which limit its application in the field of spintronics at RT. Next ideal candidates for RT applications in spintronics are oxide-based DMS systems, which not only have high T C , but also large magnetic moments 2 . Such oxide-based DMS also faced challenges, i.e., the determination of the origin of their magnetic properties and the control of these properties in oxides. The difficulties arise from the presence of defects (cation/anion vacancies), which can be beneficial for magnetism but whose degree of influence is not completely understood. It is believed that some oxides show magnetism without any magnetic impurities 3-7 mainly due to cation vacancies. The role of vacancies (either cation or anion) in magnetism can not then be ignored 8 . For the last few years extensive work (both experimental and theoretical) has been done to understand the origin of magnetism in materials with defects. Some of these new discoveries also made possible to have magnetism in nonmagnetic insulators/semiconductors doped with light elements 9-11 . Very recently, some of us found that C can also induce magnetism in SnO 2 9 , and later on this new theoretical idea was shown experimentally by Hong et al 12 . Therefore, it is now believed that magnetism can exist either in materials with vacancy or light elementsdoped systems 3-7,9-11 . Usually, cation vacancies, which are a source of magnetic moments, have large formation energies and it is not easy to produce them experimentally. Therefore, there remains an open and challenging question how intrinsic defects (vacancies) can be stabilized in nonmagnetic materials. Here, we find a new way of stabilizing defects in SnO 2 . We show that intrinsic defects can be easily stabilized by reducing the dimensionality of SnO 2 . This is a very unique way of reducing the formation energy of vacancies without any alien impurities. Note that there are several experimental reports on the fabrication of nanostructured SnO 2 13-17 . Beltran et al. 18 , have discussed the thermodynamic stability of nanost...

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Thermodynamic argument about SnO2 nanoribbon growth

Cited by 119 publications

References 29 publications

Growth and luminescence properties of micro- and nanotubes in sintered tin oxide

Growth and luminescence properties of micro- and nanotubes in sintered tin oxide

Effects of surface stability on the morphological transformation of metals and metal oxides as investigated by first-principles calculations

Intrinsic magnetism in nanosheets of SnO2: A first-principles study

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