Thermodynamic and electrochemical behavior of nickel in molten Li2CO3–Na2CO3 modified by addition of calcium carbonate

Cassir, M.; Olivry, M; Albin, V.; Malinowska, B; Devynck, Jacques

doi:10.1016/s0022-0728(98)00118-1

Cited by 37 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Fig. 4 shows a comparison of the solubility of the Ni-Al alloy used in this study and the solubility of NiO in oxidising atmosphere found by others [6,11,14,15] at various contents of carbon dioxide. The solubility of Ni is lower in H 2 /H 2 O/CO 2 atmosphere, at both 570 and 610 • C, than that of NiO in oxidising atmosphere at 650 • C. However, the solubility of Ni for Test-1 is in the same range as for NiO at a higher content of carbon dioxide.…”

Section: Nickel Dissolutionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The main life-time limiting factor of the atmospheric systems is loss of electrolyte [1,2], whereas Ni-shorting is the main factor for the pressurised systems [3]. The dissolution at the cathode side of NiO of various kinds has been studied in different molten alkali carbonate mixtures, mainly Li/K and Li/Na, at different temperatures and oxidising gas composition containing O 2 and CO 2 [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. The solubility of NiO depends on temperature and electrolyte composition, but mainly on the partial pressure of carbon dioxide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mole fraction of dissolved Ni for various mole fractions of carbon dioxide: (*) Test-1, (᭹) Test-3, ( ) NiO at 923 K[15], ( ) NiO at 923 K[14], (+) NiO at 873 K[11], and ( ) NiO at 923 K[6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The solubility of Ni in molten Li2CO3–Na2CO3 (52/48) in H2/H2O/CO2 atmosphere

Bodén¹,

Yoshikawa

Lindbergh³

2007

Journal of Power Sources

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Section: Nickel Dissolutionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The solubility of Ni in molten Li2CO3–Na2CO3 (52/48) in H2/H2O/CO2 atmosphere

Bodén¹,

Yoshikawa

Lindbergh³

2007

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Contrarily, adding Ca and La (even though no thermodynamic data was found concerning lanthanum carbonate) decrease the Ni solubility by favouring the oxobasicity of the melt. An addition of 5 mol% of CaCO 3 to Li 2 CO 3 eNa 2 CO 3 decreases the solubility of nickel by a factor 1.4 [5]. Even though some preliminary results can be found in the literature, further solubility measurements are required for most of the additives with varied experimental conditions and, in particular, with the melts containing Cs or Rb, never analysed systematically before.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical predictions vs. experimental measurements of the electrical conductivity of molten Li2CO3–K2CO3 modified by additives

Lair¹,

Albin²,

Ringuedé³

et al. 2012

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…In the former approach, the solubility of NiO is reduced by increasing the basicity of the carbonate melts. [3][4][5][6] However, this approach has shown a very limited effect in reducing the dissolution of NiO cathode. The changed molten salt compositions also may affect the cell performance adversely.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

LiFeO[sub 2]-LiCoO[sub 2]-NiO Cathodes for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells

Wijayasinghe

Bergman

Lagergren

2003

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Dissolution of the state-of-the-art lithiated nickel oxide cathode is a major obstacle for the development of molten carbonate fuel cell ͑MCFC͒ technology. LiFeO 2 and LiCoO 2 were reported earlier as the most promising alternative materials; however, they do not satisfactorily substitute for the state-of-the-art cathode material. A solid solution consisting of LiFeO 2 , LiCoO 2 , and NiO is expected to posses some desirable properties of these three materials. Powder compositions in the LiFeO 2 -NiO binary system and a ternary subsystem with a constant 50:50 molar ratio of LiFeO 2 :NiO were prepared by the Pechini method. After preliminary powder characterizations, the feasibility of new materials for MCFC cathode application was studied. Electrical conductivity and microstructural characteristics were investigated, first in the form of bulk pellets and then in ex situ sintered porous gas diffusion cathodes. Finally, the electrochemical performance of selected cathodes was evaluated by short-time laboratory scale cell operations. The electrical conductivity of the ternary compositions with 50:50 molar ratio of LiFeO 2 :NiO increases significantly with increasing LiCoO 2 content up to about 25 mol %. Further increase of LiCoO 2 content decreases conductivity. The cell study indicates the possibility of preparing cathodes suitable for MCFC application with a considerably high LiFeO 2 content.The molten carbonate fuel cell ͑MCFC͒ is a highly efficient and environmentally friendly source of power generation. 1 It has attracted wide attention especially due to its promising characteristics for large-scale electric power generation. However, the problems still associated with the MCFC should be solved for it to achieve fully commercial status. A most crucial lifetime limiting factor and a major obstacle for the development of MCFC technology is the dissolution of the state-of-the-art lithiated nickel oxide cathode. 2 At present, there are two main approaches to solving the dissolution problem: changing the molten salt compositions to retard dissolution of NiO or using alternative cathode materials. In the former approach, the solubility of NiO is reduced by increasing the basicity of the carbonate melts. 3-6 However, this approach has shown a very limited effect in reducing the dissolution of NiO cathode. The changed molten salt compositions also may affect the cell performance adversely. 3,4 In searching for alternative cathode material for the MCFC, emphasis should be placed mainly on the stability of the candidate material at the working conditions. Moreover, the candidate material should have an adequate electrical conductivity and electrocatalytic activity for O 2 reduction. 7 LiFeO 2 and LiCoO 2 , which were supposed to be the most promising candidates earlier, have been studied extensively. [6][7][8][9][10][11] LiFeO 2 does not precipitate in the electrolyte matrix at working conditions and has a dissolution rate of zero. However, LiFeO 2 cathodes showed low performance, which may be due to intrinsic materials ...

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Thermodynamic and electrochemical behavior of nickel in molten Li2CO3–Na2CO3 modified by addition of calcium carbonate

Cited by 37 publications

References 31 publications

The solubility of Ni in molten Li2CO3–Na2CO3 (52/48) in H2/H2O/CO2 atmosphere

The solubility of Ni in molten Li2CO3–Na2CO3 (52/48) in H2/H2O/CO2 atmosphere

Theoretical predictions vs. experimental measurements of the electrical conductivity of molten Li2CO3–K2CO3 modified by additives

LiFeO[sub 2]-LiCoO[sub 2]-NiO Cathodes for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells

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