Thermodynamic Analysis of the Formation of C8 Isomers in the Alkylation of Isobutane by Olefins

Reaction Performance and Flow Behavior of Isobutane/1-Butene and H2SO4 in the Microreactor Configured with the Micro-mixer

“…The reaction process includes three stages: (a) initiation stage: 1-Butene reacts with hydrogen ions to form a C 4 carbenium ion and then a tert-butyl carbenium ion is obtained through isomerization of the C 4 carbenium ion or hydride transfer, 5 (b) chain growth stage: C 8 carbenium ion is obtained by the addition reaction of the tert-butyl carbenium ion and butene, and (c) chain termination stage. 6 The objective product trimethylpentane (TMP) is obtained by the hydride transfer from isobutane to the C 8 carbenium ion, 7 and the tert-butyl carbenium ion continuously participates in the alkylation reaction. oligomerization reaction of (d) is unavoidable.…”

“…The reaction process includes three stages: (a) initiation stage: 1-Butene reacts with hydrogen ions to form a C 4 carbenium ion and then a tert -butyl carbenium ion is obtained through isomerization of the C 4 carbenium ion or hydride transfer, (b) chain growth stage: C 8 carbenium ion is obtained by the addition reaction of the tert -butyl carbenium ion and butene, and (c) chain termination stage . The objective product trimethylpentane (TMP) is obtained by the hydride transfer from isobutane to the C 8 carbenium ion, and the tert -butyl carbenium ion continuously participates in the alkylation reaction. If the C 8 carbenium ion cannot be converted to octane in time by reaction (c), polymerization or oligomerization reaction of (d) is unavoidable. − Hydride transfer between isobutane and the C 8 carbenium ion is the key to control the chain length of the product, which can avoid the continuous growth of carbon chain and the cracking of heavy species into light alkanes.…”