Thermodynamic Analysis of ORC and Its Application for Waste Heat Recovery

Javanshir, Alireza; Sarunac, Nenad; Razzaghpanah, Zahra

doi:10.3390/su9111974

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The selection of this value guarantees reasonable pumping conditions as given by Marcuccilli and Zouaghi [82], as well as reduces the material expenses and improves the plant safety, as underlined by Javanshir et al [83]. Therefore, the adoption of a pressure lower than 35 bar avoids the need for very expensive pipes, heat exchangers, etc., as well as control and management systems.…”

Section: Case Study and Optimization Settingsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The IRC-PD Tool: A Code to Design Steam and Organic Waste Heat Recovery Units

et al. 2021

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The Algerian economy and electricity generation sector are strongly dependent on fossil fuels. Over 93% of Algerian exports are hydrocarbons, and approximately 90% of the generated electricity comes from natural gas power plants. However, Algeria is also a country with huge potential in terms of both renewable energy sources and industrial processes waste heat recovery. For these reasons, the government launched an ambitious program to foster renewable energy sources and industrial energy efficiency. In this context, steam and organic Rankine cycles could play a crucial role; however, there is a need for reliable and time-efficient optimization tools that take into account technical, economic, environmental, and safety aspects. For this purpose, the authors built a mathematical tool able to optimize both steam and organic Rankine units. The tool, called Improved Rankine Cycle Plant Designer, was developed in MATLAB environment, uses the Genetic Algorithm toolbox, acquires the fluids thermophysical properties from CoolProp and REFPROP databases, while the safety information is derived from the ASHRAE database. The tool, designed to support the development of both RES and industrial processes waste heat recovery, could perform single or multi-objective optimizations of the steam Rankine cycle layout and of a multiple set of organic Rankine cycle configurations, including the ones which adopt a water or an oil thermal loop. In the case of the ORC unit, the working fluid is selected among more than 120 pure fluids and their mixtures. The turbines’ design parameters and the adoption of a water- or an air-cooled condenser are also optimization results. To facilitate the plant layout and working fluid selection, the economic analysis is performed to better evaluate the plant economic feasibility after the thermodynamic optimization of the cycle. Considering the willingness of moving from a fossil to a RES-based economy, there is a need for adopting plants using low environmental impact working fluids. However, because ORC fluids are subjected to environmental and safety issues, as well as phase out, the code also computes the Total Equivalent Warming Impact, provides safety information using the ASHRAE database, and displays an alert if the organic substance is phased out or is going to be banned. To show the tool’s potentialities and improve the knowledge on waste heat recovery in bio-gas plants, the authors selected an in-operation facility in which the waste heat is released by a 1 MWel internal combustion engine as the test case. The optimization outcomes reveal that the technical, economic, environmental, and safety performance can be achieved adopting the organic Rankine cycle recuperative configuration. The unit, which adopts Benzene as working fluid, needs to be decoupled from the heat source by means of an oil thermal loop. This optimized solution guarantees to boost the electricity production of the bio-gas facility up to 15%.

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Section: Case Study and Optimization Settingsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The IRC-PD Tool: A Code to Design Steam and Organic Waste Heat Recovery Units

et al. 2021

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“…Afterwards, the provided saturated or superheated fluid will be expanded in the turbine. Finally, the turbine drives the generator for power generation (Javanshir et al, 2017). In the expander, the pressure and temperature of the operating fluid are decreased; subsequently, the fluid is condensed in the condenser to become saturated or slightly subcooled.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Of the Orcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Thermal Energy Storage in Solar Organic Rankine Cycles: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2021

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Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs) are promising approaches for generating power from medium or low temperature heat sources. In this regard, ORCs can be used to indirectly produce power from solar energy. Due to intermittent nature of solar energy, storage unit should be coupled with solar ORCs to improve the output power and operating hours. In this article, studies on solar ORCs integrated with various types of storage units were reviewed; the main findings of such studies were extracted and provided. Based on the findings, several factors such as the temperature and pressure at the inlet of the turbine, as well as the operating condition affect the performance of solar ORCs with thermal storage unit just like the conventional ORCs. In addition, the optimum size of the storage unit in the solar ORCs was found to depend on the operating condition. From the financial perspective, it can be noted that the storage unit affects the corresponding indicators. Moreover, the improvement rate in the ORCs by applying storage units could be affected by the configuration of the system.

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“…Determination of the unavoidable irreversibility depends on the technical and economic constraints of process design, and the hypothetical criteria are provided by the analyst himself. The input values of main parameters used in the simulation are listed in Table 4, Javanshir et al [49], Darvish et al [50], Matuszewska et al [51], Wei et al [52], Dibazar et al [53]. It is not enough to have only information about exogenous/endogenous and avoidable/unavoidable irreversibility to evaluate the performance of the equipment, but there is also a need for more information in this regard.…”

Section: Advanced Exergy Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Conventional and Advanced Exergy-Based Analysis of Hybrid Geothermal–Solar Power Plant Based on ORC Cycle

et al. 2020

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Today, as fossil fuels are depleted, renewable energy must be used to meet the needs of human beings. One of the renewable energy sources is undoubtedly the solar–geothermal power plant. In this paper, the conventional and advanced, exergo-environmental and exergo-economic analysis of a geothermal–solar hybrid power plant (SGHPP) based on an organic Rankin cycle (ORC) cycle is investigated. In this regard, at first, a conventional analysis was conducted on a standalone geothermal cycle (first mode), as well as a hybrid solar–geothermal cycle (second mode). The results of exergy destruction for simulating the standalone geothermal cycle showed that the ORC turbine with 1050 kW had the highest exergy destruction that was 38% of the total share of destruction. Then, the ORC condenser with 26% of the total share of exergy destruction was in second place. In the hybrid geothermal–solar cycle, the solar panel had the highest environmental impact and about 56% of the total share of exergy destruction. The ORC turbine had about 9% of all exergy destruction. The results of the advanced analysis of exergy in the standalone geothermal cycle showed that the avoidable exergy destruction of the condenser was the highest. In the hybrid geothermal–solar cycle, the solar panel, steam economizer and steam evaporator were ranked first to third from an avoidable exergy destruction perspective. The avoidable exergo-economic destruction of the evaporator and pump were higher than the other components. The hybrid geothermal–solar cycle, steam economizer, solar pane and steam evaporator were ranked first to third, respectively, and they could be modified. The avoidable exergo-environmental destruction of the ORC turbine and the ORC pump were the highest, respectively. In the hybrid geothermal–solar cycle, steam economizers, solar panel and steam evaporators had the highest avoidable exergy destruction, respectively. For the standalone geothermal cycle, the total endogenous exergy destruction and exogenous exergy destruction was 83.61% and 16.39%. Moreover, from an exergo-economic perspective, 89% of the total destruction rate was endogenous and 11% was exogenous. From an exergo-environmental perspective, 88.73% of the destruction rate was endogenous and 11.27% was exogenous. For the hybrid geothermal–solar cycle, the total endogenous and exogenous exergy destruction was 75.08% and 24.92%, respectively. Moreover, 81.82% of the exergo-economic destruction rate was endogenous and 18.82% was exogenous. From an exergo-environmental perspective, 81.19% of the exergy destruction was endogenous and 18.81% was exogenous.

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Thermodynamic Analysis of ORC and Its Application for Waste Heat Recovery

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

The IRC-PD Tool: A Code to Design Steam and Organic Waste Heat Recovery Units

The IRC-PD Tool: A Code to Design Steam and Organic Waste Heat Recovery Units

Applications of Thermal Energy Storage in Solar Organic Rankine Cycles: A Comprehensive Review

Conventional and Advanced Exergy-Based Analysis of Hybrid Geothermal–Solar Power Plant Based on ORC Cycle

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