Thermodynamic analysis of methane dry reforming: Effect of the catalyst particle size on carbon formation

Aramouni, Nicolas Abdel Karim; Zeaiter, Joseph; Kwapiński, Witold; Ahmad, Mohammad Norazmi

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2017.08.056

Cited by 102 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In addition, small metallic Ni nanoparticles more effectively inhibit the nucleation and growth of coke, thereby restraining coke deposition on the catalyst [17,18]. Ni particles, smaller than 5 nm, can effectively reduce carbon deposition [15,[18][19][20][21]. Small Ni particles also have poor thermal stability, especially at high reaction temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encapsulated Ni@La2O3/SiO2 Catalyst with a One-Pot Method for the Dry Reforming of Methane

Wang

Liu

et al. 2019

Catalysts

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Ni nanoparticles encapsulated within La 2 O 3 porous system (Ni@La 2 O 3 ), the latter supported on SiO 2 (Ni@La 2 O 3 )/SiO 2 ), effectively inhibit carbon deposition for the dry reforming of methane. In this study, Ni@La 2 O 3 /SiO 2 catalyst was prepared using a one-pot colloidal solution combustion method. Catalyst characterization demonstrates that the amorphous La 2 O 3 layer was coated on SiO 2 , and small Ni nanoparticles were encapsulated within the layer of amorphous La 2 O 3 . During 50 h of dry reforming of methane at 700 • C and using a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 120,000 mL g cat −1 h −1 , the CH 4 conversion obtained was maintained at 80%, which is near the equilibrium value, while that of impregnated Ni-La 2 O 3 /SiO 2 catalyst decreased from 63% to 49%. The Ni@La 2 O 3 /SiO 2 catalyst exhibited very good resistance to carbon deposition, and only 1.6 wt% carbon was formed on the Ni@La 2 O 3 /SiO 2 catalyst after 50 h of reaction, far lower than that of 11.5 wt% deposited on the Ni-La 2 O 3 /SiO 2 catalyst. This was mainly attributed to the encapsulated Ni nanoparticles in the amorphous La 2 O 3 layer. In addition, after reaction at 700 • C for 80 h with a high WHSV of 600,000 mL g cat −1 h −1 , the Ni@La 2 O 3 /SiO 2 catalyst exhibited high CH 4 conversion rate, ca. 10.10 mmol g Ni −1 s −1 . These findings outline a simple synthesis method to prepare supported encapsulated Ni within a metal oxide porous structure catalyst for the dry reforming of methane reaction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encapsulated Ni@La2O3/SiO2 Catalyst with a One-Pot Method for the Dry Reforming of Methane

Wang

Liu

et al. 2019

Catalysts

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“…Along with the increase of Co loading, the amount of carbon deposits increases exponentially. This observation is attributed to the effect of Co particle size, where larger particles are well known to be resulted in higher carbon deposition …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming a constant rate of carbon deposition, the average rate was calculated to be 13.02 mg g cat −1 h −1 . Compared with Co‐30 (72.21 mg g cat −1 h −1 ), the carbon deposition rate of reduced Co‐15 was significantly lower, due to the smaller Co particle size . Generally, the growth of carbon on Co is a combination of: segregation growth (carbon dissolve in bulk Co and segregate to surface through annealing) and surface growth (carbon aggregate on surface of Co to form graphene‐like structure) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This observation is attributed to the effect of Co particle size, where larger particles are well known to be resulted in higher carbon deposition. [31,84,85] The colors of the catalysts observed under various conditions are shown in Table 5. Co-30 sample appeared in blue color after calcination, reflecting the characteristic of a typical CoAl 2 O 4 spinel crystal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with Co-30 (72.21 mg g cat À 1 h À 1 ), the carbon deposition rate of reduced Co-15 was significantly lower, due to the smaller Co particle size. [31,84,85] Generally, the growth of carbon on Co is a Table 4. Average CH 4 , CO 2 conversions and H 2 , CO selectivities of reduced Co-10, Co-15, Co-20, and Co-30 at 750°C, a pressure of 1 atm, a WHSV of 30 L g À 1 h À 1 , and a CH 4 /CO 2 /N 2 flow ratio of 2 : 2 : 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Co Supported on Co−Al Spinel Catalysts from Exsolution of Amorphous Co−Al Oxides for Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane

et al. 2019

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In this study, redox exsolution method was used to synthesize Co/Co−Al spinel for dry reforming. The aim is to improve metal‐support interaction, which enhances the catalyst's stability and minimizes carbon deposition. The synthesized catalysts were observed as Co embedded on Co deficient CoAl2O4‐like spinel (denoted as Co−Al spinel). The reduction temperature was optimized at 750 °C. Investigations on the effect of Co loading revealed that optimum Co loading is needed to control the Co particle size, providing balance between limiting carbon deposition rate and preventing dissolution of Co into the support. The best performing catalyst, Co‐15, in which the molar ratio of Co and Al is 15 : 85 produced a stable 81.5 % and 87.4 % conversions for CH4 and CO2 continuously over 24 h of reaction time with 13.51 wt% of carbon deposition. The strong metal‐support interaction of Co and Co−Al spinel in Co‐15 stabilizes and prevents the sintering of Co particles, enhancing the efficiency for dry reforming reaction.

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Sintering and Coke Resistant Core/Yolk Shell Catalyst for Hydrocarbon Reforming

Wang

Kawi

2018

ChemCatChem

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Syngas/hydrogen production via hydrocarbon reforming reactions is crucial. Whereas, they need high reaction temperature to obtain economically feasible hydrocarbon conversions, which renders the active and cheap transition metal based catalysts easy to be sintered, leading to the high carbon deposition rate and gradual degradation of catalytic performance. Therefore, developing sintering and carbon resistant catalysts becomes one of the most important issues for these reforming reactions to be industrially applied. Designing catalysts with core/yolk shell structure turns out to be one of the most effective strategies to solve this issue. Herein, recent progress which has been made in the synthesis method for core/yolk shell catalysts with different shell materials such as SiO2, zeolite, CeO2 and Al2O3 is summarized. Additionally, specific applications of these core/yolk catalysts for various hydrocarbon reforming reactions such as dry reforming, steam reforming and methane oxidation are reviewed with the emphasis on revealing the reasons leading to their outstanding catalytic performance. Lastly, possible research directions in core/yolk shell catalysts are proposed.

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Thermodynamic analysis of methane dry reforming: Effect of the catalyst particle size on carbon formation

Cited by 102 publications

References 48 publications

Encapsulated Ni@La2O3/SiO2 Catalyst with a One-Pot Method for the Dry Reforming of Methane

Encapsulated Ni@La2O3/SiO2 Catalyst with a One-Pot Method for the Dry Reforming of Methane

Development of Co Supported on Co−Al Spinel Catalysts from Exsolution of Amorphous Co−Al Oxides for Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane

Sintering and Coke Resistant Core/Yolk Shell Catalyst for Hydrocarbon Reforming

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