Thermodynamic analysis of energy storage with a liquid air Rankine cycle

Ameel, Bernd; T’Joen, Christophe; Kerpel, Kathleen De; Jaeger, Peter De; Huisseune, Henk; Belleghem, Marnix Van; Paepe, Michel De

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.11.037

Cited by 157 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Kantharaj et al, made full use of CAES and LAES, where LAES was used to supplement the CAES system, and highlighted the economic benefits of the hybrid system in charging and discharging time span or under limited geographical positions [42,43]. Ameel et al, studied a more complex combined cycle according to the thermodynamics of the basic cycle, and found that taking real expander efficiency reduction into account considerably reduced the actual output, unless isothermal expansion could be well approached [44]. Liu et al, introduced a new liquid air energy storage technology [38], and the structure designs of wind/LAES systems were discussed for applications in the field of wind power.…”

Section: Liquid Air Energy Storage (Laes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Compressed Air Energy Storage and Technology Development

et al. 2017

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With the increase of power generation from renewable energy sources and due to their intermittent nature, the power grid is facing the great challenge in maintaining the power network stability and reliability. To address the challenge, one of the options is to detach the power generation from consumption via energy storage. The intention of this paper is to give an overview of the current technology developments in compressed air energy storage (CAES) and the future direction of the technology development in this area. Compared with other energy storage technologies, CAES is proven to be a clean and sustainable type of energy storage with the unique features of high capacity and long-duration of the storage. Its scale and cost are similar to pumped hydroelectric storage (PHS), thus CAES has attracted much attention in recent years while further development for PHS is restricted by the availability of suitable geological locations. The paper presents the state-of-the-art of current CAES technology development, analyses the major technological barriers/weaknesses and proposes suggestions for future technology development. This paper should provide a useful reference for CAES technology research and development strategy.

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Section: Liquid Air Energy Storage (Laes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Compressed Air Energy Storage and Technology Development

et al. 2017

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“…Several implementations of the LAES cycle have been proposed (Ameel et al, 2013;Araki et al, 2002;Smith, 1977). The concept presented here consists of a Rankine cycle for discharge and modified Claude cycle liquefier for charging, coupled by way of a thermal and liquid air storage tank.…”

Section: The Laes Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cycle energy efficiency is improved through 'cold recycle', which involves capturing and storing the cold thermal energy released during discharge and using the stored energy to reduce the work required to liquefy air during charging. Variants of the LAES cycle were first described by Smith (1977) and more recently by Ameel et al (2013) and Morgan et al The LAES cycle is particularly interesting to the power utilities, as the component parts are commonly found in power stations and industrial air separation plant. As such, the components are mature, have well-understood maintenance requirements and are available at the scales compatible with plant sizes from 10s to 100s MW, even if the configuration in which they are being used is novel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of a large-scale liquid air energy storage system

Morgan

Nelmes

Gibson

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Energy

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Liquid air energy storage (LAES) is a class of thermo-electric energy storage that utilises cryogenic or liquid air as the storage medium. The system is charged using an air liquefier and energy is recovered through a Rankine cycle using the stored liquid air as the working fluid. The recovery, storage and recycling of cold thermal energy released during discharge more than double the overall energy efficiency of the cycle. The demand on a storage plant in a grid support application is expected to be irregular and intermittent in response to fluctuating supply from intermittent renewable generators. This will complicate the storage of thermal energy and will mean the energy flow rates in the thermal store will vary from cycle to cycle and the state of charge of the store will also vary. This paper presents an analysis of the LAES cycle. The material and configuration of the cold thermal store is discussed in particular with reference to scale and measures to mitigate losses due to the irregular and intermittent duty cycle. The paper concludes with capital and levelised cost analysis of a reference 20 MW/80 MWh LAES plant and a comparison of the levelised cost with other storage technologies.

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“…But this configuration required, most importantly, a regenerator which could withstand temperatures between -200C and 800C, pressures up to 100bar, and allow contact with both compressed air and liquid air. Ameel et al [11] analyse a combined Rankine cycle with Linde liquefaction process, and report that 43% of the energy can be recovered from liquid air. Power recovery from cryogen via an 4 Investment cost of the storage technology per unit of rated output power.…”

Section: Background On Liquid Air Energy Storage (Laes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the exergy flow into the hot reservoir is negligible, the exergy efficiency of the heat engine can be described as: The temperature rise after liquid air is pumped to a higher pressure can be determined by applying first law to the cryogenic pump and using the correlation between enthalpy, pressure, density, and temperature from Lemmon et al [11]. Application of the combination of first law and second law to the heat engine gives the heat content associated with the hot reservoir, and the net work output.…”

Section: Reverse Conversion Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic analysis of a hybrid energy storage system based on compressed air and liquid air

Kantharaj

Garvey

Pimm

2015

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments

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(2015) Thermodynamic analysis of a hybrid energy storage system based on compressed air and liquid air. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 11 . pp. 159-164. ISSN 2213-1388 Access from the University of Nottingham repository: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/45064/1/2015%20B%20Kantharaj%20-%20Thermodynamic %20analysis%20of%20a%20hybrid%20energy%20storage%20system%20based%20on %20compressed%20air%20and%20liquid%20air.pdf The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. AbstractAs renewable electricity generation capacity increases, energy storage will be required at larger scales. Compressed air energy storage at large scales, with effective management of heat, is recognised to have potential to provide affordable grid-scale energy storage. Where suitable geologies are unavailable, compressed air could be stored in pressurised steel tanks above ground, but this would incur significant storage costs. Liquid air energy storage, on the other hand, does not need a pressurised storage vessel, can be located almost anywhere, and has a relatively large volumetric exergy density at ambient pressure. However, it has lower roundtrip efficiency than compressed air energy storage technologies. This paper analyses a hybrid energy store consisting of a compressed air store at ambient temperature, and a liquid air store at ambient pressure. Thermodynamic analyses are then carried out for the conversions from compressed air to liquid air (forward process) and from liquid air to compressed air (reverse process), with notional heat pump and heat engine systems, respectively. Preliminary results indicate that provided the heat pump/heat engine systems are highly efficient, a roundtrip efficiency of 53% can be obtained.Immediate future work will involve the detailed analysis of heat pump and heat engine systems, and the economics of the hybrid energy store. IntroductionIt is almost certain that in the near future, electricity generation from renewable energy sources, particularly solar and wind, will account for a large portion of the overall generation capacity. Wind power accounted for ~39% of renewable power capacity added worldwide in 2012, followed by ~26% each for solar PV and hydropower [1]. The UK aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 80% by 2050 [2]. To alleviate the problems caused by burning of fossil fuels, renewable generation capacity must be increased -and this calls for a secure, sustainable and reliable energy supply system. It is here that energy storage is expected to play a key role.

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Thermodynamic analysis of energy storage with a liquid air Rankine cycle

Cited by 157 publications

References 9 publications

Overview of Compressed Air Energy Storage and Technology Development

Overview of Compressed Air Energy Storage and Technology Development

An analysis of a large-scale liquid air energy storage system

Thermodynamic analysis of a hybrid energy storage system based on compressed air and liquid air

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