Thermochromatographic Method of Separation of Chemical Elements in Nuclear and Radiochemistry

Zvára, I.

doi:10.1080/10256019008624294

Cited by 30 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Using Hf radioisotopes with half-lives between some tens of seconds and several minutes allowed for the determination of the reaction time as a function of the reaction temperature, which was done over a large temperature range. Chemical speciation is difficult to achieve under the conditions of our experiments, and we therefore investigated the volatility of the involved chemical species using the well-known methods of isothermal gas chromatography [7] and thermochromatography (TC) [56], hoping that these results would give us information about the formed compound(s) by comparing its (or their) behavior to literature data.…”

Section: Aspects Of Atom-at-a-time Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas chemical investigation of hafnium and zirconium complexes with hexafluoroacetylacetone using preseparated short-lived radioisotopes

Düllmann

Gregorich²,

Pang

et al. 2009

Radiochimica Acta

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Zirconium / Hafnium / Hexafluoroacetylacetonates / Thermochromatography / Isothermal gas chromatogaphy / Physical preseparation Summary. Volatile metal complexes of the group 4 elements Zr and Hf with hexafluoroacetylacetonate (hfa) have been studied using short-lived radioisotopes of the metals. The new technique of physical preseparation has been employed where reaction products from heavy-ion induced fusion reactions are isolated in a physical recoil separator -the Berkeley Gas-filled Separator in our work -and made available for chemistry experiments. Formation and decomposition of M(hfa) 4 (M = Zr, Hf) has been observed and the interaction strength with a fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) Teflon surface has been studied. From the results of isothermal chromatography experiments, an adsorption enthalpy of −ΔH a = (57 ± 3) kJ/mol was deduced. In optimization experiments, the time for formation of the complex and its transport to a counting setup installed outside of the irradiation cave was minimized and values of roughly one minute have been reached. The half-life of 165 Hf , for which conflicting values appear in the literature, was measured to be (73.9 ± 0.8) s. Provided that samples suitable for α-spectroscopy can be prepared, the investigation of rutherfordium (Rf), the transactinide member of group 4, appears possible. In the future, based on the studies presented here, it appears possible to investigate short-lived single atoms produced with low rates (e.g., transactinide isotopes) in completely new chemical systems, e.g., as metal complexes with organic ligands as used here or as organometallic compounds.

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Section: Aspects Of Atom-at-a-time Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas chemical investigation of hafnium and zirconium complexes with hexafluoroacetylacetone using preseparated short-lived radioisotopes

Düllmann

Gregorich²,

Pang

et al. 2009

Radiochimica Acta

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“…Today, the fastest chemical separations have reached the one-second half-life range for studies of SHE. Experimental details and reviews on methods and techniques with varying emphasis can be found in [25,54,61,[94][95][96][97][98][99] and in a comprehensive coverage [100].…”

Section: Experimental Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because nuclides with very different half-lives were used -a parameter which can strongly influence thermochromatographic results [97,188] -it was almost impossible to precisely determine relative volatilities in the pioneering experiments. Recently, isothermal gas-chromatographic experiments established a higher volatility of Rf chlorides as compared with Hf chlorides [183,185,189].…”

Section: Gas-phase Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemistry of superheavy elements

Schädel

2012

Radiochimica Acta

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Summary. The chemistry of superheavy elements -or transactinides from their position in the Periodic Table -is summarized. After giving an overview over historical developments, nuclear aspects about synthesis of neutron-rich isotopes of these elements, produced in hot-fusion reactions, and their nuclear decay properties are briefly mentioned. Specific requirements to cope with the one-atom-at-a-time situation in automated chemical separations and recent developments in aqueous-phase and gas-phase chemistry are presented. Exciting, current developments, first applications, and future prospects of chemical separations behind physical recoil separators ("pre-separator") are discussed in detail. The status of our current knowledge about the chemistry of rutherfordium (Rf, element 104), dubnium (Db, element 105), seaborgium (Sg, element 106), bohrium (Bh, element 107), hassium (Hs, element 108), copernicium (Cn, element 112), and element 114 is discussed from an experimental point of view. Recent results are emphasized and compared with empirical extrapolations and with fully-relativistic theoretical calculations, especially also under the aspect of the architecture of the Periodic Table.

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“…Thermochromatography is a very useful radiochemical separation technique [1]: Volatile species are separated in a column with a negative temperature gradient by deposition in zones of different temperatures. For carrier-free species the adsorption enthalpy on the stationary phase governs the deposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochromatography of Platinum Elements in Oxygen: Radiochemical Studies of the Behaviour of Rhodium, Palladium, Osmium and Platinum

et al. 1993

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Thermochromatographic Method of Separation of Chemical Elements in Nuclear and Radiochemistry

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

Gas chemical investigation of hafnium and zirconium complexes with hexafluoroacetylacetone using preseparated short-lived radioisotopes

Gas chemical investigation of hafnium and zirconium complexes with hexafluoroacetylacetone using preseparated short-lived radioisotopes

Chemistry of superheavy elements

Thermochromatography of Platinum Elements in Oxygen: Radiochemical Studies of the Behaviour of Rhodium, Palladium, Osmium and Platinum

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