Thermochemische Behandlung von Titan und Titanlegierungen durch Laserumschmelzen und Gaslegieren

Bergmann, H. W.

doi:10.1002/mawe.19850161108

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Since then the method was applied in most cases using this kind of laser. All experiments using lasers up to 3 kW showed the development of coatings of about 500 microns in thickness [23,[25][26][27][28] [103]. Figure 17 shows a typical cross section of his coatings of about 500 microns in thickness.…”

Section: Co 2 - Excimer-and Ti:sapphire Laser Nitridingmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…As next, the work of several investigations on nitriding of titanium utilizing laser will be instructed. Coating synthesis of TiN: The synthesis of TiN-coatings in reactive atmospheres by means of laser irradiation already goes back into the 80th and 90th of the last century [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. They all show, that an enormous improvement of the properties of the materials is reached.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Laser nitriding: investigations on the model system TiN. A review

Höche

Schaaf

2010

Heat Mass Transfer

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Nitriding is a well known technique to improve properties of materials. The process utilizing laser contains many different processes like heat transport and melting effects, diffusion and convection, which partially determine the synthesized coatings. This review concludes the research on titanium nitride synthesis in reactive ambient and draws conclusions for the general handling of the method. Afterwards, it becomes clear which and why, transport processes limit the coating properties. IntroductionHard material systems such as titanium nitride play an important role within the field of material sciences and industrial applications. In particular wear and corrosion protection are based on such systems. Beside the classical manufacturing procedures such as PVD or CVD, the method of the direct laser synthesis in a reactive gas environment, as examined here, represents an alternative to the production of such coatings. This review discusses the synthesis of such functional coatings on the system titanium -nitrogen by different laser irradiation based on own results respectively the literature and tries to give a general overview of the physical respectively transport processes taking place. Thus, experiments from the last three decades using similar experimental setups will be compared and discussed. Due to the availability of data of investigations utilizing titanium and nitrogen, this system was taken as a general model. After a discussion of several different experimental analyses and modelling results, the treatments get parameterized. This results in large potentials for technical applications. Finally, general conditions for the synthesis of such coatings with this procedure were set up. By means of these results it is possible to achieve purposefully predefined layer characteristics. The review concludes the most important publications containing research about this process. Thus, it could be assumed to be a reference in relation to laser nitriding or -carburizing. [4] or also hybrid procedures. A further alternative and very simple method is the direct lasers synthesis. The material is placed in a reactive gas environment and will be irradiated with laser light. Due to the developing physical and chemical effects coatings are synthesized, which possess special treatment dependent characteristics. Carburizing, nitro carburizing and/or nitriding are to most common methods from this field of processes. The method of nitriding particularly assists the improvement of tribological properties of surfaces. The surface hardness gets increased, whereby the wear resistance rises. Furthermore, these coatings are usually very non-reactive, which leads to an increase in corrosion protection. In the following the method will be studied more exactly and will be explained. Quantifying of the processes gets an important aim of the work. Arising phenomena will also be modelled. To do these investigations, the model titanium nitrogen has been used. It is a well known and often used system, and has been investigated ...

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Section: Co 2 - Excimer-and Ti:sapphire Laser Nitridingmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser nitriding: investigations on the model system TiN. A review

Höche

Schaaf

2010

Heat Mass Transfer

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“…Because of its simplicity, a side nozzle gas supply (Figure 1(a)) was commonly used by the most workers (1,14,17). According to Xue et al (86), the alignment of the nozzle was difficult when choosing this arrangement.…”

Section: Laser Nitridingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown by many researches that deep layers of up to 1.5 mm thickness, exhibiting a hardness ranging from 400 to 2000 HV, could be achieved by laser nitriding of Ti-6Al-4V and cp-Ti (e.g., (1,14,17,25,107)). Our work revealed that the hardness of the nitrided layers increased in a characteristic manner with the nitrogen content of the processing gas.…”

Section: 1 Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Already from early experiments, the detrimental effects of laser nitriding on the fatigue behavior of high strength alloys such as Ti-6Al-4V was documented (1,14,25,113). The loss of fatigue strength was especially pronounced if the laser nitriding utilized processing gases that contained more than 20% nitrogen, which resulted in a layer hardness above 600 HV.…”

Section: Crack Sensitivity and Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser Gas–Assisted Nitriding of Ti Alloys

Schaaf¹,

Kaspar²,

Höche³

2014

Comprehensive Materials Processing

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Laser Gas Alloying of Titanium - New Possibilities for Severe Wear Loaded Components in Medicine

Bonss

Brenner

Beyer

2001

Mat.-wiss. u. Werkstofftech.

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To eliminate present difficulties at laser gas alloying of titanium as not sufficient control of nitrogen content, inadequate oxygen exclusion and pronounced crack formation tendency, a new technology was developed. It is based on a special copper made inert gas bell that ensures on‐line controlled constant treatment parameters and reduced cooling velocity. So it is possible to adjust the properties of the laser gas alloyed layers. The thickness can be varied between 0.1 to 1.5 mm and the hardness can be adapted to the application in the range of 500 HV to 1200 HV. Such gas alloyed layers have very high resistance against abrasive and sliding wear. An additional hard amorphous carbon layer (Diamor™) deposited by Laser‐Arc technology on the gas alloyed layer can be used for achieving minimal friction coefficients in case of sliding wear. The gas alloyed layer can also be used for supporting other films like TiN to increase their bearing load. Results of fatigue tests of gas alloyed layers are presented as well as results of different wear tests.

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Thermochemische Behandlung von Titan und Titanlegierungen durch Laserumschmelzen und Gaslegieren

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

Laser nitriding: investigations on the model system TiN. A review

Laser nitriding: investigations on the model system TiN. A review

Laser Gas–Assisted Nitriding of Ti Alloys

Laser Gas Alloying of Titanium - New Possibilities for Severe Wear Loaded Components in Medicine

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