Thermochemical routes for the valorization of waste polyolefinic plastics to produce fuels and chemicals. A review

López, Gartzen; Artetxe, Maite; Amutio, Maider; Bilbao, Javier; Olazar, Martı́n

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.01.142

Cited by 629 publications

(410 citation statements)

References 242 publications

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“…The forecasted decrease of availability of crude oils justifies the increase of industrial implementations for less conventional fossil resources such as carbon or natural gas . Aiming the circular economy and the cut of greenhouse gases, new processes are being developed for incorporating renewable (solar or biomass) and waste feeds as sources of fuels and chemicals . In this scenario, the production of hydrocarbons, particularly the most demanded light olefins, from alternative sources out of crude oils is attracting a great attention from industry and academia …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] Aiming the circular economy and the cut of greenhouse gases, new processes are being developed for incorporating renewable (solar or biomass) and waste feeds as sources of fuels and chemicals. [2][3][4] In this scenario, the production of hydrocarbons, particularly the most demanded light olefins, from alternative sources out of crude oils is attracting a great attention from industry and academia. [5] There are several routes to produce light olefins in a sustainable manner, the ones represented in Figure 1 are attractive as for its application at industrial scale and to substitute the routes based on crude oil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetic and Deactivation Differences Among Methanol, Dimethyl Ether and Chloromethane as Stock for Hydrocarbons

et al. 2019

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The conversions into hydrocarbons of methanol, dimethyl ether and chloromethane (MTH, DTH and CTH, respectively) on a H‐ZSM‐5 zeolite catalyst were compared trough ab‐initio calculations and experiments, using a fixed‐bed reactor and in‐situ FTIR spectroscopy. The molecular modelling of the reaction was performed using force field calculations. The nature and location of retained species were assessed by a combination of techniques. The experimental results of activity, product distribution and deactivation match these of the molecular modelling as the three reactions proceed through the dual‐cycle mechanism. However, the initiation, evolution and degradation of hydrocarbon pool species are kinetically different depending on the reactant. The reactions are faster in the order DTH>MTH≫CTH whereas the rate at which coke forms and grows (linked with the rate of deactivation) is in the order CTH≫DTH>MTH.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic and Deactivation Differences Among Methanol, Dimethyl Ether and Chloromethane as Stock for Hydrocarbons

et al. 2019

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“…Previously, researchers have reviewed the pyrolysis processes . Williams summarized updates for applied pyrolysis of waste types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Williams summarized updates for applied pyrolysis of waste types. Lopez described characteristics of pyrolysis and thermochemical routes for the valorization of waste polyolefinic plastics to produce fuels and chemicals. Bridgwater discussed design considerations for optimized operation of pyrolysis reactors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of industrial solid wastes in catalytic pyrolysis

Qiu

Deng

Zhang

et al. 2017

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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The catalytic pyrolysis is one of the thermochemical patterns for producing chemical products consisting of solid char, liquid oil, and pyrolytic gas. A number of parameters affecting the catalytic pyrolysis process, yields, and properties of products such as the temperature, residence time, heating rate, feedstock type, and the use of catalyst were evaluated in details to promote the process of catalytic pyrolysis. Catalytic pyrolysis has emerged with the use of a catalyst such as red mud, fly ash, copper slag, blast furnace slag, coal gangue, and aluminum dross. In this paper, a brief discussion with recent development on industrial solid wastes as a catalyst in catalytic pyrolysis process is presented.In the process, the liquid oil is of higher quality; in addition, process by-products such as solid char can be used as an adsorbent material, while the quality of pyrolysis gases is improved. Despite all the potential advantages with industrial solid wastes as a catalyst, some limitations such as less reuse of catalyst and high parasitic energy demand are still remaining. The recommended measurements for these challenges include exploration of suitable reactor, catalyst regeneration, and catalytic mechanism optimization.

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“…For instance, Lopez et al investigated the thermochemical routes for the production of value-added products (fuel and chemical) via the valorisation of waste poly-ole nic plastics. They found out that the variability and inconsistency of the feed composition was the majour challenge along with catalyst deactivation [14][15][16].…”

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confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis kinetic modelling of abundant plastic waste (PET) and in-situ emissions monitoring

Osman

Farrell

Al-Muhtaseb

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Recycling the ever-increasing plastic waste has become an urgent global concern. One of the most convenient methods for plastic recycling is pyrolysis, owing to its environmentally friendly nature and its intrinsic properties. Understanding the pyrolysis process and the degradation mechanism is crucial for scale-up and reactor design. Therefore, we studied kinetic modelling of the pyrolysis process for one of the most common plastics, polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The focus was to better understand and predict PET pyrolysis when transitioning to a low carbon economy and adhering to environmental and governmental legislation. This work aims at presenting for the first time, the kinetic triplet (activation energy, pre-exponential constant and reaction rate) for the PET pyrolysis using the differential iso-conversional method. This is coupled with the in-situ online tracking of the gaseous emissions using mass spectrometry.Results: The differential iso-conversional method showed activation energy (Ea) values of 165-195 kJ.mol-1, R2 = 0.99659. While the ASTM-E698 showed 165.6 kJ.mol-1 and integral methods such as Flynn-Wall and Ozawa (FWO) (166-180 kJ.mol-1). The in-situ Mass Spectrometry results showed the pyrolysis gaseous emissions which are C1-hydrocarbon and H-O-C=O along with C2 hydrocarbons, C5- C6 hydrocarbons, acetaldehyde, the fragment of O-CH=CH2, hydrogen and water. Conclusions: From the obtained results herein, thermal predictions (isothermal, non-isothermal and step-based heating) were determined based on the kinetic parameters and can be used at numerous scales with a high level of accuracy compared with the literature.

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Thermochemical routes for the valorization of waste polyolefinic plastics to produce fuels and chemicals. A review

Cited by 629 publications

References 242 publications

Kinetic and Deactivation Differences Among Methanol, Dimethyl Ether and Chloromethane as Stock for Hydrocarbons

Kinetic and Deactivation Differences Among Methanol, Dimethyl Ether and Chloromethane as Stock for Hydrocarbons

Application of industrial solid wastes in catalytic pyrolysis

Pyrolysis kinetic modelling of abundant plastic waste (PET) and in-situ emissions monitoring

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