Thermochemical conversion of polymer wastes into hydrocarbon fuels over various fluidizing cracking catalysts

Thermal and catalytic pyrolysis of plastic waste

“…This process can be thermal or catalytic and is a promising alternative that allows the conversion of polymers into gas and liquid hydrocarbons [4,15,16] .…”

“…This occurs because the uncatalyzed thermal degradation gives rise to low molecular weight substances, however in a very wide range of products [13,15,16] . This method can be improved by the addition of catalysts, which will reduce the temperature and reaction time and allow the production of hydrocarbons with a higher added value, such as fuel oils and petrochemical feedstocks [4,11,[18][19][20][21] .…”

Fuels by Waste Plastics Using Activated Carbon, MCM-41, HZSM-5 and Their Mixture

“…Higher temperature promotes the formation of gaseous hydrocarbons, coke deposits, and the products contain lots of cyclic hydrocarbons or aromatics. Aliphatic hydrocarbons (both saturated and unsaturated) are the main products using lower pyrolysis temperatures (<600°C) [4][5][6][7][8][9]. The product yields and composition are affected also by the application of catalysts, which could increase the yield of volatiles (both gases and pyrolysis oils) [10][11][12][13][14].…”

First Simple and Easy Process of Thermal Degrading Municipal Waste Plastics into Fuel Resource

“…Even though, current technologies would conform the emission requirements, incineration arouses almost always public resistance and objections [6,7,8]. Some research group also worked with plastic conversion into fuel catalytic process [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], thermal degradation process [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] and pyrolysis process [34][35][36][37][38]. Natural State Research, Inc. (NSR) invented a unique process which easy and simple way to converted most of waste plastics into fuel resources and investigated that the reaction of experiment continues randomly without any catalyst or chemical substances.…”