Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels

Bhaskar, Thallada; Balagurumurthy, Bhavya; Singh, Rawel; Naik, Desavath V.; Kumar, Ajay; Goyal, H.B.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-385099-7.00003-6

Cited by 63 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…There are various methods of conversion of lignocellulosic biomass like biochemical and thermo-chemical routes. Under the umbrella of thermo-chemical routes of conversion, processes such as combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, liquefaction and carbonisation are available of which pyrolysis seems to have the highest potential for commercialisation [6]. Wheat is one of the most cultivated crops in the world especially in India and hence residues such as wheat straw and wheat husk are widely available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of catalyst contact on the pyrolysis of wheat straw and wheat husk

Singh

Bhaskar

2015

Fuel

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of catalyst contact on the pyrolysis of wheat straw and wheat husk

Singh

Bhaskar

2015

Fuel

Self Cite

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“…During the drying, the biomass first loses its moisture at temperatures up to 100°C. Followed by pyrolysis and gasification steps, where the solid biomass chemically converted into fuel gases, volatile liquids, and a carbon-rich solid residue called char (Bhaskar et al 2011). After all volatiles are removed, char combustion stage starts producing the fuel gases including hydrogen and carbon monoxide.…”

Section: Anaerobic Digestion Versus Thermochemical Biofuel Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, combustion is the most common technology converting biomass to usable heat energy is through straightforward combustion, and it accounts for around 90 % of all energy attained from biomass (Bhaskar et al 2011). Combustion of lignocellulosic material consists of five main steps: drying, pyrolysis, gasification, char combustion, and gas-phase oxidation (Nussbaumer 2003).…”

Section: Anaerobic Digestion Versus Thermochemical Biofuel Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas from Lignocellulosic Materials

Kabir

Forgács

Horváth

2015

Lignocellulose-Based Bioproducts

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Methane production via anaerobic digestion is a steadily growing industry in Europe and all over the world. Biomethane reduces the demand for fossil fuels, since it can be used for the production of power and heat or converted to vehicle fuel. Anaerobic digestion is a renewable energy technology; however, it can also be considered as a low-cost environmental-friendly waste management process, since it reduces the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs), while it stabilizes the wastes. Currently, mainly the organic fraction of household waste, food waste, sewage sludge, manure, and energy crops is used for biogas production; nevertheless, there are a wide range of other organic substrates which can be utilized for biogas production. Among the organic matters, lignocellulosic materials have a great potential. Great abundance worldwide and carbohydrate-rich contents make them an attractive feedstock for biofuel production. Currently, anaerobic digestion of energy crops is widespread; however, biogas production from lignocellulosic residuals and wastes is still under investigation. This chapter focuses on anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic materials. It explains the anaerobic digestion process and the current technologies used for crops digestion. It also summarizes the biogas potential of different lignocellulosic materials and the latest research on pretreatments to improve the methane yield. Finally, this chapter compares anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic materials with energy production from these kinds of materials through thermochemical processes.

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“…Thermochemical conversion of biomass to bio-based products involves elevated temperatures and/or pressures processes such as carbonization, gasification, liquefaction and pyrolysis [8,9]. Thermochemical conversion routes are promising because they are more accommodating towards variations in the biomass feedstock and produce a greater range of bio-based products [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biomass is converted in the presence of a solvent where large molecules are decomposed into smaller unstable molecules that re-polymerize to form bio-oil and biochar [9]. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) uses water as a solvent at temperatures and pressures of 280-370 C and 100-250 bar respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Particle Size on the Quality and Yield of Batch and Continuous Hydrothermal Liquefaction Products

2016

International Conference on Advances in Science, Engineering, Technology and Natural Resources (ICASETNR-16) Nov. 24-25, 2016 P

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Abstract-In this study, the effect of the biomass particle size on hydrothermal liquefaction in both batch and continuous systems is investigated. Batch and continuous hydrothermal liquefaction was done using sweet sorghum bagasse as feed across a range of particle sizes (+0 to -850µm) at a constant biomass loading (1 wt.%), temperature (280°C) and residence time (20 min). Overall is was found that particle size did not have any significant influence on the product yield or quality. The biochar and bio-oil fraction from the continuous HTL system were found to have lower yields than the batch counterparts however, the quality of these products were superior compared to the batch system. The continuously produced biochar had a quality similar to lignite coal, while the batch produced biochar quality was inferior to that of peat. The true significance of this result is that the continuously produced biochar were produced at a maximum temperature of 215°C and had a calorific value of 30.8 MJ/kg.

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Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels

Cited by 63 publications

References 52 publications

Effect of catalyst contact on the pyrolysis of wheat straw and wheat husk

Effect of catalyst contact on the pyrolysis of wheat straw and wheat husk

Biogas from Lignocellulosic Materials

The Effect of Particle Size on the Quality and Yield of Batch and Continuous Hydrothermal Liquefaction Products

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