Thermocatalytic hydrogenation of CO₂ into aromatics by tailor‐made catalysts: Recent advancements and perspectives

Abstract

Considering the severe environmental issues brought by excessive carbon emissions, the utilization of CO2 as a feedstock for chemicals synthesis is gaining a lot of interest. CO2 hydrogenation into valuable chemicals using renewable energy is a promising strategy to alleviate the environmental pressures and reduce our strong dependence on fossil fuels simultaneously. Aromatics, as important chemicals in our daily life, can be synthesized by a tandem strategy that first converts CO2 into CO or methanol on Fe‐based active sites or reducible metal oxides, respectively, and then sequentially conducts CC coupling, dehydrogenation, and cyclization processes on acidic zeolites with unique topology structure for aromatics synthesis. This critical review focuses on the recent advancements in CO2 hydrogenation into high value‐added aromatics (CTA), in particular the key factors, such as the catalytic component, the acidity distribution of the zeolite, and the proximity effect between different active sites that regulate the aromatics selectivity. The reaction network and mechanism during the tandem process will be discussed to guide the rational design of highly efficient bifunctional/multifunctional catalysts for direct synthesis of aromatics by CO2 hydrogenation. Furthermore, the development directions and obstacles of CO2 utilization by hydrogenation technology will be predicted to pave the way for the practical application of greenhouse gas CO2 for valuable aromatics synthesis.

A freestanding, hierarchically porous poly(imine dioxime) membrane enabling selective gold recovery from e‐waste with unprecedented capacity

“…With the increase of initial concentration, the adsorbed Au(III) occupies more active adsorption sites, resulting in the gradual increase of Δ G 0 33 . Despite all this, Δ G 0 values are still negative even at high concentration (Figure S10b), confirming the feasibility and spontaneous nature of the Au(III) adsorption onto PIDO membrane 45 . Meanwhile, Δ H 0 and Δ S 0 are further derived from the intercept and slope of the plot of Δ G 0 versus T (Figure S1c).…”

“…33 Despite all this, ΔG 0 values are still negative even at high concentration (Figure S10b), confirming the feasibility and spontaneous nature of the Au(III) adsorption onto PIDO membrane. 45 Meanwhile, ΔH 0 and ΔS 0 are further derived from the intercept and slope of the plot of ΔG 0 versus T (Figure S1c). Note that the enthalpy ΔH 0 values are all positive, indicating that the adsorption of Au(III) on the PIDO surface is an endothermic process, consistent with the positive correlation of adsorption capacity with temperature.…”

Metal‐organic framework derived porous structures towards lithium rechargeable batteries

“…MOFs are classified porous crystalline materials consisted with covalently bonding metal 'hubs' and polytope organic 'struts'. With special chemical and physical properties based on abundant inorganic and organic components that can be changed according to their composition, size, shape, geometry, and manner of branching, MOFs enable a variety of applications, including gas separation, [118][119][120][121][122] storage, 97,117,[123][124][125][126][127][128] sensing, [129][130][131][132][133][134][135] catalysis, 110,[136][137][138][139][140][141][142] and drugs. [143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155]…”

Clever Nanomaterials Fabrication Techniques Encounter Sustainable C1 Catalysis

“…Therefore, syngas conversion has been widely recognized as a platform process for high-value-added and green utilization of fossil fuel coal, biomass, and natural gas. Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) stands out among various syngas conversion pathways due to its high efficiency, product diversity, and successful industrialization. − Tandem catalysis is another promising strategy for syngas conversion, in which the bi- or multifunctional catalysts guarantee the direct conversion of syngas into targeted product in a single pass with alkenes or methanol as the key intermediates. , Second, for the conversion of greenhouse gas CO 2 , thermal-catalytic CO 2 hydrogenation technology with the aid of sustainable energy-powered green H 2 has attracted more and more attention owing to its carbon elimination function and strong industrial applicability, which is expected to open up a new paradigm for sustainable and recyclable development. , CO 2 is inextricably related to syngas conversion. On the one hand, the reverse water–gas shift (RWGS) reaction (CO 2 + H 2 → CO + H 2 O) enables the transformation of CO 2 into CO, which can be well linked to the syngas conversion process described above. , On the other hand, the tandem catalysis concept as mentioned in syngas conversion is also suitable for the transformation of CO 2 + H 2 into light olefins, aromatics, isoparaffins, etc.…”