“…It is also worth mentioning that the exponential overflow caused by ill‐conditioned matrices in TMM can be effectively avoided in the present method, leading to higher stability and accuracy. For different types of heat source, several cylindrical heat source models with different types and complexities have been proposed independently by Bourne‐Webb et al, Mimouni and Laloui, Savvidou and Booker, Bai, Di Donna and Laloui, Selvadurai and Najari, and Ai et al, among others. A generalised cylindrical heat source model as conceptually shown in Figure , which can be related to linear, solid cylindrical, ring cylindrical, and hollow cylindrical heat source models, is proposed to analyse the responses of soils in different engineering applications.…”