Thermo-Analytical and Physico-Chemical Characterization of Woody and Non-Woody Biomass from an Agro-ecological Zone in Nigeria

Balogun, Ayokunle Oluwabusayo; Lasode, Olumuyiwa A.; McDonald, Armando G.

doi:10.15376/biores.9.3.5099-5113

Cited by 18 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The physico-chemical data for the BSG being studied showed that the values for most of the parameters conform appreciably to the range reported in literature [7,22]. For example, the N content for the BSG (3.48%) was comparable to the one found in literature with an estimated protein content of 22% [7].…”

Section: Biomass Characterisation Through Physico-chemical Analysis Asupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The BSG moisture content was determined by an HB 43-S Mettler Toledo moisture analyser (Ohio, USA), while the determination of the volatile matter (VM) (950°C for 7 min) and ash contents (600°C for 16 h) were determined according to BS EN 15148 and D1102-84, respectively [22]. The fixed carbon (FC) content was subsequently evaluated by difference.…”

Section: Biomass Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ultimate analysis was conducted on a Costech ESC 4010 elemental analyser for the determination of Cand N contents. The higher heating value (HHV) determination was carried out in a Parr oxygen bomb calorimeter model 1341 according to ASTM D5865-04 in triplicate and calibrated with benzoic acid [22]. The charging of the bomb was preceded by the production of BSG pellets (≈1.0 g, Ø 6 mm) on a Carver laboratory hydraulic press at 13.8 MPa.…”

Section: Biomass Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 mL of CH 3 OH/H 2 SO 4 /CHCl 3 (1.7:0.3:2.0 v/v/v) was added to the CH 2 Cl 2 extract (2 mg) and the mixture heated for 90 min at 90°C to form the FAME derivatives [22]. CHCl 3 contained 1-napthalaneacetic acid as an internal standard (100 μg mL…”

Section: Fatty Acids Methyl Esters (Fame) Preparation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditionally, the proximate, ultimate, compositional analyses and calorific value determination are used and they offer insightful empirical information [22,23]. Another characterisation technique often deployed is the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermo-kinetic, spectroscopic study of brewer’s spent grains and characterisation of their pyrolysis products

Balogun

Sotoudehniakarani

McDonald

2017

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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A B S T R A C TBrewer's spent grains, major by-products of the beverage industries, were obtained from a Nigerian brewery and subjected to pyrolysis at 500°C. Analytical pyrolysis (Py-GC/MS) was conducted on the original BSG, extractivefree BSG and BSG CH 2 Cl 2 extract. There was a marked difference in the concentration of levoglucosan between the extractive-free BSG (40.5%) and the original BSG (11.5%). The Py-GC/MS detected significant amount of palmitic and oleic acids in the three samples. Prior to pyrolysis, the extractives content were isolated through methanolysis, transesterified and subjected to GC/MS analysis. The analysis revealed the presence of linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids in an appreciable quantity. The BSG and its biochar were also characterised according to Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopic, and thermogravimetric analyses alongside some conventional physico-chemical analysis. The total crystallinity and condensation indices were evaluated from specific FTIR spectra peaks so as to monitor structural transformations in the bio-char. Kinetic data were deduced from TGA measurements and it was apparent that thermal decomposition of BSG is better modelled as a multi-step reaction mechanism. The nitrogen content of the bio-char was relatively high making it a suitable feedstock for the production of in situ nitrogenised activated bio-carbon. There was a significant variation between the structural configuration of the original BSG and the bio-char as revealed by the change in the value of the condensation index as well as the cellulose crystallinity content. It may thus be concluded that the BSG biomass would be a viable feedstock for thermal decomposition and other valorisation processes.

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Section: Biomass Characterisation Through Physico-chemical Analysis Asupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Biomass Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biomass Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fatty Acids Methyl Esters (Fame) Preparation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Thermo-kinetic, spectroscopic study of brewer’s spent grains and characterisation of their pyrolysis products

Balogun

Sotoudehniakarani

McDonald

2017

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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Dependency of the combustion behavior of energy grass and three other types of biomass upon lignocellulosic composition

Guan

Zhang

et al. 2017

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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The combustion characteristics of four kinds of biomass fuels (energy grass, sawdust, corn cob, and walnut shell) are investigated in this article. All the samples are heated from room temperature to 800°C at multiple heating rates of 10, 20, and 30°C/min. The effect of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin components on the pyrolysis and combustion processes of energy grass is explored by comparison to those of the other three types of biomass. The hemicellulose and cellulose content of samples could improve the devolatilization performance during biomass combustion. Furthermore, the comprehensive combustion index suggested herein indicates that the combustion performance of energy grass or walnut shell is limited by their high ash content or their low ratio of cellulose to lignin. Kinetic parameters are obtained by combining the isoconversional method (OFW and KAS models) and the method of master‐plots. The apparent activation energy of the devolatilization stage is higher than that of the char oxidization stage, which is mainly influenced by the lignocellulosic composition. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 815–823, 2018

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Thermochemical and pyrolytic analyses of Musa spp. residues from the rainforest belt of Nigeria

Balogun

Lasode

McDonald

2018

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Four different morphological plant parts of Musa spp. (banana and plantain) residues obtained from the rainforest belt of Nigeria were investigated. The study undertook Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and physicochemical analysis. The total crystallinity (TCI) and lateral order (LOI) indices showed that the cellulose crystallinity for banana pseudo‐stem (LOI‐5.18; TCI‐0.37) and banana rachis (LOI‐4.25; TCI‐0.44) were relatively higher than for the banana (LOI‐0.11; TCI‐0.20) and plantain (LOI‐0.17; TCI‐0.18) peels. The XRD analysis confirmed the presence of starch in the peels and cellulose I in the structural samples (rachis and the pseudo‐stem). A further demonstration of the marked differences between the morphological parts of Musa spp was highlighted in the analysis of the FAMES extract as banana peels (21 mg g−1 of biomass) and plantain peels (20 mg g−1 of biomass) had the highest quantity of palmitic acids whereas the eicosanoic, behnic, and lignoceric acids were absent in the peels. The relatively high ash content (≤12.30 wt %) in the Musa spp. samples may necessitate a pretreatment process prior to deployment for bioenergy or chemical extraction purposes. Furthermore, kinetic studies, which involved differential Friedman's and integral Flynn–Wall–Ozawa techniques, and analytical pyrolysis of the residues were undertaken. The activation energy varied continuously with conversion; reaching a peak of >290 kJ/mol. The analytical pyrolysis detected acids, sugar derivatives, and phenolic compounds in significant concentrations for all biomass samples. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1901–1907, 2018

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Thermo-Analytical and Physico-Chemical Characterization of Woody and Non-Woody Biomass from an Agro-ecological Zone in Nigeria

Cited by 18 publications

References 36 publications

Thermo-kinetic, spectroscopic study of brewer’s spent grains and characterisation of their pyrolysis products

Thermo-kinetic, spectroscopic study of brewer’s spent grains and characterisation of their pyrolysis products

Dependency of the combustion behavior of energy grass and three other types of biomass upon lignocellulosic composition

Thermochemical and pyrolytic analyses of Musa spp. residues from the rainforest belt of Nigeria

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