Thermally safe operation of a cooled semi-batch reactor. Slow liquid-liquid reactions

Abstract

Thermally safe operation of a semi

Safe operation of stirred‐tank semibatch reactors subject to risk of thermal hazard

“…According to Steensma and Westerterp,21,25,26 SBR is safe if a sudden temperature excursion is prevented and if reactant accumulation is avoided. Because of the difficulties of formulating an appropriate accumulation criterion, these authors based safety on the evolution of temperature of the reacting mixture.…”

“…21 Hugo and Vlassis 22 established two empirical correlations that predict the distinction between runaway, intrinsically safe operation, and a third one where a process is possibly safe provided that certain limits are avoided. These limits were observed by analysis of a few thousand simulations performed under different operation conditions with parameters varied over the range of industrial significance and then correlating the simulated results with those obtained empirically.…”

Temperature diagrams for preventing decomposition or side reactions in liquid–liquid semibatch reactors

“…If the initial temperature is too high, a situation can arise in which the coreactant accumulation is confined below critical values but the initial temperature itself is too close to the MAT value for avoiding the overshooting of the threshold temperature. For the identification of low accumulation operating conditions in liquid-liquid SBRs in which exothermic reactions occur, Steensma and Westerterp (1988, 1990, 1991 firstly developed the so-called boundary diagrams method. Such diagrams provide, in a suitable dimensionless space defined through an "exothermicity number" (E x ) and a "reactivity number" (R y , see Fig.…”

Studies on parametric sensitivity and safe operation criteria of batch processes

“…A large number of the runaway criteria reported in literature refers to tubular reactors (Barkelew [I] [12,131,and Steinbach [14]. The majority of criteria published in the literature are based on simple reaction models.…”