Thermally induced stresses and rapid temperature changes in teeth

Barker, R. E.; Rafoth, Robert F.; Ward, Robert W.

doi:10.1002/jbm.820060503

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Barker et al. (1972) examined teeth before and after application of a cold stimulus of −196 °C for two periods of 5 min each.…”

Section: Damage To the Soft And Hard Tissues Of The Toothmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pulp within the root remained essentially healthy and without inflammation, but some periodontal and root surface damage was observed. Barker et al (1972) examined teeth before and after application of a cold stimulus of )196°C for two periods of 5 min each. They saw no changes in the surface status of the crown, but the extreme temperature changes created new cracks in the teeth.…”

Section: Damage To the Soft And Hard Tissues Of The Toothmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of pulp sensibility tests. Part I: general information and thermal tests

2010

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A major, and essential, part of the diagnostic process for pulp disease is the use of pulp sensibility tests. When diagnosing pulp pain, these tests can be used to reproduce the symptoms reported by the patient to diagnose the diseased tooth as well as the disease state. However, a major shortcoming with these tests is that they only indirectly provide an indication of the state of the pulp by measuring a neural response rather than the vascular supply, so both false positive and false negative results can occur. The relevant literature on pulp sensibility tests in the context of endodontics up to January 2009 was reviewed using PubMed and MEDLINE database searches. This search identified papers published between November 1964 and January 2009 in all languages. Thermal tests have been used as an integral part of dental examinations. Two types of thermal tests are available, one uses a cold stimulus and the other uses a hot stimulus, and each has various methods of delivery. If these tests are used properly, injury to the pulp is highly unlikely. A review of the literature regarding the rationale, indications, limitations, and interpretation of thermal tests, the value of these diagnostic tests, as well as a discussion of the important points about each of these tests is presented.

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“…Barker et al. (1972) examined teeth before and after application of a cold stimulus of −196 °C for two periods of 5 min each.…”

Section: Damage To the Soft And Hard Tissues Of The Toothmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Damage To the Soft And Hard Tissues Of The Toothmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of pulp sensibility tests. Part I: general information and thermal tests

2010

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In vivo validation of the historical in vitro thermocycling temperature range for dental materials testing

et al. 2004

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In dental research, restorative materials have been regularly subjected to alternating in vitro thermal stress in investigations since the 1950s, in order to simulate in vivo alternating temperature stress and to artificially stress them in vitro. The provocation temperature is mostly 5 degrees C for cold provocation, and 55 degrees C for hot provocation. These temperatures are determined quite arbitrarily based on very few examinations in vivo. Extensive temperature data for the approximal space of teeth, which is decisive for the success of fillings adhesively attached to dentin, has so far not been addressed. The objective of this study was to examine the interproximal temperature characteristics created in the space of all teeth in vivo with thermal alternating stress, and therefore to validate the in vitro standardized thermal alternating stress of 5-55 degrees C. Fifteen study participants with healthy teeth were used to determine the temperature in each inter-dental space, resulting from hot/cold provocation in the upper and lower jaw, from the central incisor to the second molars. This was performed by a thermal element (cable sensor GTF 300, Greisinger Electronic GmbH, Regenstauf, Germany). The temperature sensor was attached with dental floss into the interproximal space and the temperature was recorded by the computer. The participants in the pilot test had to state when they were able to sip an 85 degrees C hot drink. That particular temperature value was taken for hot provocation as maximum temperature reference. Cold ice water (0 degrees C) was used for cold provocation as minimum temperature reference. The respective recordings with a total of 14 measurements for each individual were performed simultaneously in the upper and lower jaw. The study participants were to start with hot provocation, followed by cold provocation. This cycle was repeated at least once with an individual dwell time. The highest recorded approximal space temperature was 52.8 degrees C in the lower jaw, between the first and the second premolar. The lowest temperature of 13.7 degrees C was recorded in two participants in the upper jaw, between the 1st and 2nd incisor, and between the two central incisors. The mean of the maximum temperatures was 43.8+/-3.7 degrees C, and the mean of the minimum temperatures 24.2+/-4.6 degrees C. The mean initial temperature was 35.2+/-1.3 degrees C. None of the recordings reached either the upper threshold (55 degrees C) or the lower threshold (5 degrees C). This study showed that the actual thermal stress in the interproximal space of teeth is slightly lower than the one used in in vitro examinations. For class II cavities, most of the alternating temperature stress limits selected at 5-55 degrees C cover the actually occurring temperature interval quite well.

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