Thermally Induced Percolational Transition and Thermal Stability of Silver Nanowire Networks Studied by THz Spectroscopy

Chen, Jing Zhi; Ahn, Hyeyoung; Yen, Shin Chun; Tsai, Yao Jiun

doi:10.1021/am5057618

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…However, TCEs with thermally stable polymer matrices do not account for the thermal stability of the AgNW themselves, which exhibit an increase in sheet resistance at 180 °C when the nanowires are freestanding, and often at even lower temperatures when embedded in a polymer matrix . This increase of resistivity is due to nanoscale size effects, causing NWs to melt at a significantly lower temperature than the melting temperature of bulk silver . A sandwich layer of zinc oxide (ZnO)/AgNW/ZnO has been shown to increase the thermal stability of the silver nanowires, but the continuous layer of ZnO over the AgNW film prohibit the infiltration of a polymer precursor to form a percolation network, leading to a high surface roughness which cause shorts and device failure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sandwich layer of zinc oxide (ZnO)/AgNW/ZnO has been shown to increase the thermal stability of the silver nanowires, but the continuous layer of ZnO over the AgNW film prohibit the infiltration of a polymer precursor to form a percolation network, leading to a high surface roughness which cause shorts and device failure. Chen et al used stamp‐transferred graphene on AgNW to allow graphene to dissipate heat in order to protect the AgNWs, but were only able to maintain stability at 200 °C for 3 h, in addition to not fabricating freestanding films . The use of neutral‐pH poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) was reported to improve thermal stability of the AgNW electrode, but could only withstand 20 min annealing at 210 °C due to the degradation of PEDOT:PSS at high temperatures …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Thermally Stable Silver Nanowire–Polyimide Transparent Electrode Based on Atomic Layer Deposition of Zinc Oxide on Silver Nanowires

Chen

Liang

Liu

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

174

137

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The performance of a fl exible transparent conductive electrode with extremely smooth topography capable of withstanding thermal processing at 300 °C for at least 6 h with little change in sheet resistance and optical clarity is reported. In depth investigation is performed on atomic layer deposition (ALD) deposited ZnO on Ag nanowires (NWs) with regard to thermal and atmospheric corrosion stability. The ZnO coated nanowire networks are embedded within the surface of a polyimide matrix, and the <2 nm roughness freestanding electrode is used to fabricate a white polymer light emitting diode (PLED). PLEDs obtained using the ZnO-AgNW-polyimide substrate exhibit comparable performance to indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass based devices, verifying its efficacy for use in optoelectronic devices requiring high processing temperatures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally Stable Silver Nanowire–Polyimide Transparent Electrode Based on Atomic Layer Deposition of Zinc Oxide on Silver Nanowires

Chen

Liang

Liu

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

174

137

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“…As shown in Figure 6a, the R s value of the pristine Ag NWs increased drastically after 40 days. This can be attributed to the facile oxidation of Ag NWs upon exposure to humid air because of their large surface-to-volume ratios [17]. On the other hand, the R s of the Ag NW electrode covered with the Cs 2 CO 3 -incorporated overcoating layer increased slightly until day 55.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Thermal Oxidation Stability of Silver Nanowire Transparent Electrodes by Using a Cesium Carbonate-Incorporated Overcoating Layer

et al. 2019

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Despite their excellent electrical and optical properties, Ag nanowires (NWs) suffer from oxidation when exposed to air for several days. In this study, we synthesized a Cs carbonate-incorporated overcoating layer by spin-coating and ultraviolet curing to prevent the thermal oxidation of Ag NWs. Cs incorporation increased the decomposition temperature of the overcoating layer, thus enhancing its thermal resistance. The effects of the Cs carbonate-incorporated overcoating layer on the optoelectrical properties and stability of Ag NWs were investigated in detail. The Ag NW electrode reinforced with the Cs carbonate-incorporated overcoating layer exhibited excellent thermal oxidation stability after exposure to air for 55 days at 85 °C and a relative humidity of 85%. The novel overcoating layer synthesized in this study is a promising passivation layer for Ag NWs against thermal oxidation under ambient conditions. This overcoating layer can be applied in large-area optoelectronic devices based on Ag NW electrodes.

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“…[25][26][27][28][29][30] In this work the far-field transmittance spectra of our AgNW network was measured using a conventional THz time-domain spectrometer (THz-TDS), schematically represented in Figure 2a. [25][26][27][28][29][30] In this work the far-field transmittance spectra of our AgNW network was measured using a conventional THz time-domain spectrometer (THz-TDS), schematically represented in Figure 2a.…”

Section: Terahertz Far-field Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Terahertz Time‐Domain Spectroscopy and Near‐Field Microscopy of Transparent Silver Nanowire Networks

Hoof

Parente

Baldi

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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spin-coating to spray-coating, electrospinning, and dip coating. [3,6,7] Furthermore, large-area lithography and metal coating techniques are increasingly emerging as promising alternatives. [8][9][10] However, it is not uncommon for these deposition techniques to result in a conductance that varies spatially due to local modulations in the network thickness or connectivity. These spatial modulations of the electrical conductance are impossible to detect with standard characterization techniques such as the four-point probe method, in which the electrical impedance is measured using a pair of separated electrodes carrying a current and sensing the voltage differences. Furthermore, although microprobes have been developed to map the conductance with high spatial resolution, [11] the four-point probe technique requires electrical contact with the surface, leading to the risk of modifying the sample. These limitations highlight the need for a contact-free and high resolution technique to map electrical conductance over large areas. Broadband and phase sensitive spectroscopic techniques, such as terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), have emerged as powerful alternatives for probing the complex conductivity of samples. [12][13][14][15] THz-TDS uses very short (single cycle) electromagnetic pulses as low frequency electromagnetic probes to measure the electronic properties. This probing is done by measuring the attenuation and the phase of the THz pulse as it propagates through the medium and interacts (mainly) with free charge carriers. A major advantage of THz-TDS over four-point probe techniques is that it is a contact free technique, which also enables an easy implementation of conductivity scans. The diffraction limit of electromagnetic waves (on the order of the wavelength) defines the maximum spatial resolution that can be attained for the determination of the conductivity using far-field THz techniques. The broadband character of THz-TDS and the standard focusing optics, with relatively low numerical aperture, leads to spatial resolutions on the order of 1 mm or larger.In this manuscript, we synthesize highly monodisperse AgNWs with a diameter of ≈50 nm and a length of ≈10 μm by adapting a polyol method. [16] Subsequently, transparent electrodes are prepared by spray coating the AgNWs solution on top of 25 × 25 mm 2 quartz substrates. The nanowire monodispersity allows us to draw quantitative conclusions from the measurements performed on the conductive networks. We spatially vary the thickness of the AgNWs network across the quartz substrate, and therefore its optical transmission and THz conductance, by adjusting the spray coating conditions. Transparent conductive layers are key components of optoelectronic devices. Here, a polyol method is used to synthesize large quantities of monodisperse silver nanowires (AgNWs) and these are used to fabricate transparent conducting networks over large areas. The optical extinction and terahertz (THz) conductance of these networks are simultaneously investigated,...

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Thermally Induced Percolational Transition and Thermal Stability of Silver Nanowire Networks Studied by THz Spectroscopy

Cited by 32 publications

References 27 publications

Thermally Stable Silver Nanowire–Polyimide Transparent Electrode Based on Atomic Layer Deposition of Zinc Oxide on Silver Nanowires

Thermally Stable Silver Nanowire–Polyimide Transparent Electrode Based on Atomic Layer Deposition of Zinc Oxide on Silver Nanowires

Enhancing Thermal Oxidation Stability of Silver Nanowire Transparent Electrodes by Using a Cesium Carbonate-Incorporated Overcoating Layer

Terahertz Time‐Domain Spectroscopy and Near‐Field Microscopy of Transparent Silver Nanowire Networks

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