Thermalization and chaos in 
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Steinberg, Julia; Swingle, Brian

doi:10.1103/physrevd.99.076007

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…OTOCs were computed in thermal weakly coupled systems by summing classes of Feynman diagrams [12][13][14][15]. 6 Our bound (1.8) applies to these results, and it would be interesting to extract the VDLE from the formulas in the literature.…”

Section: Introduction and Summary Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chaos in the butterfly cone

Mezei

Sárosi

2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

146

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A simple probe of chaos and operator growth in many-body quantum systems is the out of time ordered four point function. In a large class of local systems, the effects of chaos in this correlator build up exponentially fast inside the so called butterfly cone. It has been previously observed that the growth of these effects is organized along rays and can be characterized by a velocity dependent Lyapunov exponent, λ(v). We show that this exponent is bounded inside the butterfly cone as λ(v) ≤ 2πT (1 − |v|/v B ), where T is the temperature and v B is the butterfly speed. This result generalizes the chaos bound of Maldacena, Shenker and Stanford. We study λ(v) in some examples such as two dimensional SYK models and holographic gauge theories, and observe that in these systems the bound gets saturated at some critical velocity v * < v B . In this sense, boosting a system enhances chaos. We discuss the connection to conformal Regge theory, where λ(v) is related to the spin of the leading large N Regge trajectory, and controls the four point function in an interpolating regime between the Regge and the light cone limit. Finally, we comment on the generalization of the chaos bound to boosted and rotating ensembles and clarify some recent results on this in the literature.

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Section: Introduction and Summary Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chaos in the butterfly cone

Mezei

Sárosi

2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

146

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“…This would cause progressive suppression of yields of strange hadrons with non-zero strangeness numbers [6,18]. Figure 5 shows the yield ratios of φ mesons to that of K − on the and SMASH [20] that take into account high mass resonances that decay into φ and Ξ − can also describe the ratios at 3 GeV. for light nuclei which is attributed to the coalescence production of light nuclei [26].…”

Section: Canonical Suppression Of Strangeness Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gray solid line indicates the GCE calculation while the dashed lines indicate CE calculations with different r c values[6,18,22]. The default UrQMD[16] calculations are shown in solid black line, while the modified UrQMD[19] and SMASH[20] calculations are shown in the green and red bands respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

Updates on Flavor Production from STAR

Radhakrishnan

2022

EPJ Web Conf.

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In these proceedings, some of the latest results from the STAR experiment on heavy, strange and light flavor hadron production and their flow are summarized. Over the years STAR has collected heavy ion collision data over a wide range of collision energies from √SNN = 200 GeV down to √SNN = 3 GeV. In high energy heavy ion collisions, heavy flavor hadrons are a valuable probe to study properties of the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) created in these collisions. Measurements of strange and light flavor hadrons at lower collision energies help understand the properties of the QCD matter at finite baryon densities and the phase structure of the QCD matter. Furthermore, the high statistics data collected at √SNN = 3 GeV allows measurements of hypernuclei production and flow, which can provide insights into the hyperon - nucleon interactions and hyperon contribution to the nuclear equation of state.

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“…The properties of the hadrons are adopted from the Particle Data Group 2018 [27], where the more established resonances up to a mass of m ≈ 2 GeV are included. SMASH has been tested against an analytic solution of the Boltzmann equation [28] and strangeness as well as dilepton production has been confronted with experimental data at GSI-SIS energies [29,30].…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle production via strings and baryon stopping within a hadronic transport approach

Mohs

Ryu

Elfner

2020

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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The stopping of baryons in heavy ion collisions at beam momenta of p lab = 20 − 160A GeV is lacking a quantitative description within theoretical calculations. Heavy ion reactions at these energies are experimentally explored at the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and will be studied at future facilities such as FAIR and NICA. Since the net baryon density is determined by the amount of stopping, this is the pre-requisiste for any investigation of other observables related to structures in the QCD phase diagram such as a first-order phase transition or a critical endpoint. In this work we employ a string model for treating hadron-hadron interactions within a hadronic transport approach (SMASH, Simulating Many Accelerated Strongly-interacting Hadrons). Free parameters of the string excitation and decay are tuned to match experimental measurements in elementary proton-proton collisions. Afterwards, the model is applied to heavy ion collisions, where the experimentally observed change of the shape of the proton rapidity spectrum from a single peak structure to a double peak structure with increasing beam energy is reproduced. Heavy ion collisions provide the opportunity to study the formation process of string fragments in terms of formation times and reduced interaction cross-sections for pre-formed hadrons. A good agreement with the measured rapidity spectra of protons and pions is achieved while insights on the fragmentation process are obtained. In the future, the presented approach can be used to create event-by-event initial conditions for hybrid calculations.

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Thermalization and chaos in QED3

Cited by 25 publications

References 60 publications

Chaos in the butterfly cone

Chaos in the butterfly cone

Updates on Flavor Production from STAR

Particle production via strings and baryon stopping within a hadronic transport approach

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