Thermal Transformation of Illitic-Chlorite Clay and Its Pozzolanic Activity

Lemma, Roxana; Castellano, Cristina C.; Bonavetti, Viviana L.; Trezza, Mónica Adriana; Rahhal, Viviana Fátima; Irassar, Edgardo F.

doi:10.1007/978-94-024-1207-9_43

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The calcite suggested by XRD data in sample 7a is not confirmed by the TG curve, which can be explained either by its minor presence in the samples, a difference in the analyzed sample (due to the nature of the two methods), or by a combination of both factors (as the relatively low calcium content would suggest). The mass loss recorded in the region under 650°C for some of the analyzed samples can be explained by the presence in higher amounts of kaolinite or illite (Lemma et al, 2018;Naimark et al, 2018). Other authors assign the decomposition in this stage to the combustion of organic material added into ceramic, or present as impurities in the samples (Moropoulou et al, 1995).…”

Section: Characterization Of Lba Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Archaeometrical Characterization of Romanian Late Bronze Age Ceramic Fragments

et al. 2021

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Knowledge of the past can provide information to protect the future and the potential of the technological development in the analytical sciences can be successfully applied for the study and conservation of cultural objects. In this context, in the present paper we propose an analytical methodology to characterize seven samples of ancient ceramic objects (dating to the Late Bronze Age). The samples were analyzed using optical microscopy, and all the samples presented a strong inhomogeneity on the surface, as suggested by the different colors of the ceramics. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) results reveal a relatively heterogenous composition of the samples, as well as strong differences between the different surfaces of each sample. By comparative analysis of the diffractograms recorded for both sides of the same samples were observed some differences, especially in terms of relative concentration of the component minerals, and, in lesser content, in terms of new phases present in the samples. Corroborated results obtained by XRF and X-ray diffraction (XRD) offered information regarding mineralogical composition of the samples: for some of them illite/muscovite and plagioclase phases are present in higher quantities or a lower quartz content. The presence of these components was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The thermal analysis completes the analytical investigation of the ceramic samples. The thermal behavior of the sample conducted to some explanation regarding the observed differences, due to the raw materials (that the major clay mineral in the samples is represented by illite) or to environmental factors during their burial in the soil.

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Section: Characterization Of Lba Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Archaeometrical Characterization of Romanian Late Bronze Age Ceramic Fragments

et al. 2021

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“…The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https: //www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/ma17020312/s1, File S1: Database; File S2: Detailed discussion of the evaluation approach. References [109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127] are cited in the supplementary materials.…”

Section: Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactivity of Calcined Clays as SCM—A Review

Overmann,

Vollpracht,

Matschei

2024

Materials

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Calcined mixed clays are one of the most promising alternative supplementary cementitious materials. However, their standardized use is difficult due to the wide range of compositions of the raw materials. The reactivity potential of different clays can hardly be estimated on the basis of simple characteristics so far. This review aims to identify and compile the factors that determine reactivity. At first, an overview of the methods to evaluate reactivity is presented in order to provide a definition of this term. Subsequently, the reactivity-determining factors are compiled and subdivided into the characteristics of the raw material (chemical and mineralogical composition), the parameters of calcination (furnace type, temperature, grain size, retention time, and cooling), and the characteristics of the calcined material (physical properties and amorphous phase). Interrelations are discussed qualitatively. In the second step, a quantitative literature analysis was conducted to quantify correlations between the different factors and reactivity. However, since the characterization methods in the literature are very different, the data can hardly be analyzed quantitatively. Consequently, this paper points out what information is needed to conduct profound, comparable studies to evaluate the reactivity potential of clays.

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“…Afterward, forced imbibition experiments were conducted with the same test fluids, the centrifuge was operated at 7000 rpm for 24 h. Later, the wettability index of the samples was calculated with eq 1 using the amount of oil produced in both the spontaneous and forced imbibition tests. 20,30…”

Section: Wettability Index Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Rock Firing on the Wettability of Clay-Rich Sandstones

et al. 2023

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Rock firing is a conventional technique of core preparation to prevent clay swelling and fines migration in clay-rich rock; however, the influence of rock firing on the wetting behaviors and alterations of mineralogical compositions of clay-rich sandstones is not yet explicit. Thus, we assessed and compared the impacts of rock burning at two different temperatures (700 and 1100 °C) on the changes in wetting states of Bentheimer (BN) and clay-rich Bandera Gray (BG) sandstones through contact angle measurement, Amott wettability index determination, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results showed that rock firing makes the rocks more water-wet, but the clay-rich BG sandstone becomes significantly more water-wet than the quartz-dominated BN rock with increasing temperature. There was no change in rock porosity due to firing, but some clay remained, whereas some clays were transformed into other minerals after rock firing. Particularly, there were thermal transformations of clay to quartz and the disappearance of dolomite, chlorite, and clinochlore. Such transformation of these minerals into alkali metal oxide silicates dispersed on the rock matrix makes the surface more polar and enhances the interactions with water molecules, resulting in more water wettability for the BG sandstone. The study suggests that rock firing could change the clay-rich rock-wetting state into a more water-wet condition than the clay-poor or zero-clay sandstone samples; thus, the influence of rock burning on rock-wetting behavior should be considered to ensure an accurate prediction of the rock-wetting state due to rock burning. Moreover, burning at 1100 °C is recommended to achieve effective clay transformation and removal in clay-rich rock to prevent swelling, fines migration, and clay–fluid interactions.

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Thermal Transformation of Illitic-Chlorite Clay and Its Pozzolanic Activity

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Archaeometrical Characterization of Romanian Late Bronze Age Ceramic Fragments

Archaeometrical Characterization of Romanian Late Bronze Age Ceramic Fragments

Reactivity of Calcined Clays as SCM—A Review

Influence of Rock Firing on the Wettability of Clay-Rich Sandstones

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