Thermal tolerance responses of the two-spotted stink bug, Bathycoelia distincta (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), vary with life stage and the sex of adults

Muluvhahothe, Mulalo M.; Joubert, Elsje; Foord, Stefan H.

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103395

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In contrast, instar 2 was found to be the most thermally plastic stage of B. distincta in response to heat and cold hardening and heat acclimation [43], which could be related to its morphology and behavior. The dark pigmentation of this stage could provide more heat absorption when they start searching for food [43,44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…It is, therefore, necessary to develop alternative methods that require changing the diet without transferring individuals to clean-rearing containers. In contrast, instar 2 was found to be the most thermally plastic stage of B. distincta in response to heat and cold hardening and heat acclimation [ 43 ], which could be related to its morphology and behavior. The dark pigmentation of this stage could provide more heat absorption when they start searching for food [ 43 , 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…B. distincta is currently distributed across the three main macadamia-producing provinces (Limpopo, Mpumalanga, and KwaZulu-Natal) but is dominant in Limpopo, where it was first detected in 1984 [ 47 ]. The developmental threshold reported together with the thermal tolerance [ 43 ] of B. distincta can enable it to expand its range and become more problematic, facilitated by an increased number of hectares of planted macadamia trees annually (9148) and global warming. For example, the ability of H. halys to endure extreme temperatures [ 52 , 53 ] could be posited as a plausible factor contributing to its successful documented range of expansion as reported by [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In conclusion, the macadamia orchard’s ambient mean temperature (five years) was 20 °C with a minimum temperature of 1.0 °C and a maximum temperature of 42 °C for a period of five years [ 43 ]. This farm is situated in a dry-winter subtropical highland climate with noticeable dry winters and rainy summers and sometimes experiences extremely hot summers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Temperature on the Development and Survival of Bathycoelia distincta (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), a Significant Pest of Macadamia in South Africa

Muluvhahothe,

Joubert,

Foord

2024

Insects

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Temperature is the most influential condition affecting insect development and population dynamics. Understanding its impact and other important factors, such as diet, could provide fine-scale predictions of species abundance and distribution in space and time. The two-spotted stink bug, Bathycoelia distincta Distant (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a significant pest of macadamia in South Africa for which limited information on developmental biology exists. Here, for the first time, variations in key developmental parameters of the B. distincta biology were studied systematically. The developmental duration, survival rate, development rate, lower developmental threshold (Tmin), optimum developmental threshold (Topt), upper developmental threshold (Tmax), and thermal constant were quantified for each developmental stage of B. distincta. In addition, the effect of diet (macadamia nut and sweetcorn) on the developmental duration and survival rate were quantified. This study was conducted at five constant temperatures (18, 21, 22, 25, and 29 °C) with relative humidity (RH) variations. The developmental duration from egg to adult decreased significantly with increased temperature: 21 °C (±60 days) to 29 °C (±32 days). The survival rate was significantly different for instar 2 between temperatures. Nymphs (instars 2 and 4) developed faster on the sweetcorn diet than on a macadamia diet, but the total developmental time did not differ significantly between the diets. Development from egg to adult required 783 degree days (DD), with a Tmin of 13.5 °C, Topt of 29.5 °C, and Tmax of 38 °C. Ongoing global warming will increase the population growth of B. distincta through increased development rate, resulting in more damage to macadamia nuts. Understanding the developmental biology and thresholds for the DD model of B. distincta is fundamental for predicting its phenology and outbreaks in macadamia orchards.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Temperature on the Development and Survival of Bathycoelia distincta (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), a Significant Pest of Macadamia in South Africa

Muluvhahothe,

Joubert,

Foord

2024

Insects

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“…Temperature adaptation is an important factor in insect response to environmental change [51]; insects can adjust their own physiological and biochemical mechanisms by changing their cellular activity and metabolism to respond to changes in the external environment [52]. Cold stress is diverse, and different insect species have evolved different metabolic and physiological adaptations [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Galeruca daurica Reveals Cold Tolerance Mechanisms

Zhang,

Sun,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Genes

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Galeruca daurica (Joannis) is a pest species with serious outbreaks in the Inner Mongolian grasslands in recent years, and its larvae and eggs are extremely cold-tolerant. To gain a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of its cold-tolerant stress response, we performed de novo transcriptome assembly of G. daurica via RNA-Seq and compared the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of first- and second-instar larvae grown and developed indoors and outdoors, respectively. The results show that cold tolerance in G. daurica is associated with changes in gene expression mainly involved in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway, the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway and the production of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Compared with the control group (indoor), the genes associated with gluconeogenesis, fatty acid biosynthesis and HSP production were up-regulated in the larvae grown and developed outdoors. While the changes in these genes were related to the physiological metabolism and growth of insects, it was hypothesized that the proteins encoded by these genes play an important role in cold tolerance in insects. In addition, we also investigated the expression of genes related to the metabolic pathway of HSPs, and the results show that the HSP-related genes were significantly up-regulated in the larvae of G. daurica grown and developed outdoors compared with the indoor control group. Finally, we chose to induce significant expression differences in the Hsp70 gene (Hsp70A1, Hsp70-2 and Hsp70-3) via RNAi to further illustrate the role of heat stress proteins in cold tolerance on G. daurica larvae. The results show that separate and mixed injections of dsHSP70A1, dsHsp70-2 and dsHsp70-3 significantly reduced expression levels of the target genes in G. daurica larvae. The super-cooling point (SCP) and the body fluid freezing point (FP) of the test larvae were determined after RNAi using the thermocouple method, and it was found that silencing the Hsp70 genes significantly increased the SCP and FP of G. daurica larvae, which validated the role of heat shock proteins in the cold resistance of G. daurica larvae. Our findings provide an important theoretical basis for further excavating the key genes and proteins in response to extremely cold environments and analyzing the molecular mechanism of cold adaptation in insects in harsh environments.

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Screening of Transcription Factor Families of Galeruca Daurica (Joannis) in Response to Low Temperature Stress Based on Transcriptome Analysis

Sun,

Zhang,

Gao

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Thermal tolerance responses of the two-spotted stink bug, Bathycoelia distincta (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), vary with life stage and the sex of adults

Cited by 3 publications

References 92 publications

The Effects of Temperature on the Development and Survival of Bathycoelia distincta (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), a Significant Pest of Macadamia in South Africa

The Effects of Temperature on the Development and Survival of Bathycoelia distincta (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), a Significant Pest of Macadamia in South Africa

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Galeruca daurica Reveals Cold Tolerance Mechanisms

Screening of Transcription Factor Families of Galeruca Daurica (Joannis) in Response to Low Temperature Stress Based on Transcriptome Analysis

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