Thermal tolerance limits as indicators of current and future intertidal zonation patterns in a diverse mussel guild

Sorte, Cascade J. B.; Bernatchez, Geneviève; Mislan, K. A. S.; Pandori, Lauren; Silbiger, Nyssa J.; Wallingford, Piper D.

doi:10.1007/s00227-018-3452-6

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Such subtle cues may include (a) species displacement (e.g., replacement of native Durvillaea spp. by invasive Undaria pinnatifida [7]), (b) distribution shifts at fringes of exposure [43,44], and (c) shifts in species compositions/richness/distributions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for Monitoring Macroalgal Biodiversity: Comparison of RGB and Multispectral Imaging Sensors for Biodiversity Assessments

et al. 2019

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Developments in the capabilities and affordability of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have led to an explosion in their use for a range of ecological and agricultural remote sensing applications. However, the ubiquity of visible light cameras aboard readily available UAVs may be limiting the application of these devices for fine-scale, high taxonomic resolution monitoring. Here we compare the use of RGB and multispectral cameras deployed aboard UAVs for assessing intertidal and shallow subtidal marine macroalgae to a high taxonomic resolution. Our results show that the diverse spectral profiles of marine macroalgae naturally lend themselves to remote sensing and habitat classification. Furthermore, we show that biodiversity assessments, particularly in shallow subtidal habitats, are enhanced using six-band discrete wavelength multispectral sensors (81% accuracy, Cohen’s Kappa) compared to three-band broad channel RGB sensors (79% accuracy, Cohen’s Kappa) for 10 habitat classes. Combining broad band RGB signals and narrow band multispectral sensing further improved the accuracy of classification with a combined accuracy of 90% (Cohen’s Kappa). Despite notable improvements in accuracy with multispectral imaging, RGB sensors were highly capable of broad habitat classification and rivaled multispectral sensors for classifying intertidal habitats. High spatial scale monitoring of turbid exposed rocky reefs presents a unique set of challenges, but the limitations of more traditional methods can be overcome by targeting ideal conditions with UAVs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for Monitoring Macroalgal Biodiversity: Comparison of RGB and Multispectral Imaging Sensors for Biodiversity Assessments

et al. 2019

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“…Fort de l’Heurt, Pointe de la Crèche and Pointes aux Oies; Fig. 2, Table 1) and assess their thermal tolerance immediately upon return to the laboratory (typically within 30 minutes) to avoid any tolerance changes that may occur during laboratory acclimation 65 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased thermal tolerance under recurrent heat stress conditions explains summer mass mortality of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis

Seuront

Nicastro

Zardi

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

116

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Extreme events such as heat waves have increased in frequency and duration over the last decades. Under future climate scenarios, these discrete climatic events are expected to become even more recurrent and severe. Heat waves are particularly important on rocky intertidal shores, one of the most thermally variable and stressful habitats on the planet. Intertidal mussels, such as the blue mussel Mytilus edulis, are ecosystem engineers of global ecological and economic importance, that occasionally suffer mass mortalities. This study investigates the potential causes and consequences of a mass mortality event of M. edulis that occurred along the French coast of the eastern English Channel in summer 2018. We used an integrative, climatological and ecophysiological methodology based on three complementary approaches. We first showed that the observed mass mortality (representing 49 to 59% of the annual commercial value of local recreational and professional fisheries combined) occurred under relatively moderate heat wave conditions. This result indicates that M. edulis body temperature is controlled by non-climatic heat sources instead of climatic heat sources, as previously reported for intertidal gastropods. Using biomimetic loggers (i.e. ‘robomussels’), we identified four periods of 5 to 6 consecutive days when M. edulis body temperatures consistently reached more than 30 °C, and occasionally more than 35 °C and even more than 40 °C. We subsequently reproduced these body temperature patterns in the laboratory to infer M. edulis thermal tolerance under conditions of repeated heat stress. We found that thermal tolerance consistently decreased with the number of successive daily exposures. These results are discussed in the context of an era of global change where heat events are expected to increase in intensity and frequency, especially in the eastern English Channel where the low frequency of commercially exploitable mussels already questions both their ecological and commercial sustainability.

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“…Perhaps nowhere are the challenges inherent in measuring microclimates as apparent as in rocky intertidal zones, areas with enormous spatial and temporal variation in factors such as wave force (Helmuth and Denny, 2003), oxygen (Frieder et al, 2012), pH (Hofmann et al, 2011; Baumann and Smith, 2018) and, especially, temperature during aerial exposure at low tide (Denny et al, 2011). Body temperature is one of the most universal determinants of a plant or animal’s physiological performance and survival (Somero, 2002, 2010; Sinclair et al, 2016), and the rocky intertidal zone has long served as a model ecosystem for exploring the relationship between temperature and ecological responses over local and geographic scales (Connell, 1972; Sorte et al, 2019). A number of recent studies have documented that many species of intertidal invertebrates—animals whose ancestors evolved in a fully aquatic environment—currently live very close to their thermal limits (Somero, 2002; Wethey and Woodin, 2008; Mislan et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terrestrial and intertidal systems, by far the most significant driver of ectotherm temperature is exposure to direct solar radiation (Helmuth, 1998; Scheffers et al, 2017; Maclean et al , 2019). While mortality events are often associated with episodes of high air temperature (Mislan et al, 2014, Sorte et al, 2019) these only occur when both air temperature is elevated and solar radiation is at a maximum; both conditions are typically required in order for large-scale mortality to occur, and thus elevated air temperature alone is an effective indicator of mortality events only when it occurs on cloud free days with maximum solar radiation (Gilman et al, 2006, Mislan et al, 2014). Because of the importance of solar radiation (Marshall et al, 2010; Chapperon et al, 2016), the difference in temperature between an animal on a poleward-facing (shaded) microsite and one on a nearby equatorial-facing (sunny) microsite can easily exceed 15°C (Helmuth and Hofmann, 2001; Sears et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping physiology: biophysical mechanisms define scales of climate change impacts

Choi

Gouhier

Lima

et al. 2019

Conservation Physiology

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The rocky intertidal zone is a highly dynamic and thermally variable ecosystem, where the combined influences of solar radiation, air temperature and topography can lead to differences greater than 15°C over the scale of centimetres during aerial exposure at low tide. For most intertidal organisms this small-scale heterogeneity in microclimates can have enormous influences on survival and physiological performance. However, the potential ecological importance of environmental heterogeneity in determining ecological responses to climate change remains poorly understood. We present a novel framework for generating spatially explicit models of microclimate heterogeneity and patterns of thermal physiology among interacting organisms. We used drone photogrammetry to create a topographic map (digital elevation model) at a resolution of 2 × 2 cm from an intertidal site in Massachusetts, which was then fed into to a model of incident solar radiation based on sky view factor and solar position. These data were in turn used to drive a heat budget model that estimated hourly surface temperatures over the course of a year (2017). Body temperature layers were then converted to thermal performance layers for organisms, using thermal performance curves, creating ‘physiological landscapes’ that display spatially and temporally explicit patterns of ‘microrefugia’. Our framework shows how non-linear interactions between these layers lead to predictions about organismal performance and survivorship that are distinct from those made using any individual layer (e.g. topography, temperature) alone. We propose a new metric for quantifying the ‘thermal roughness’ of a site (RqT, the root mean square of spatial deviations in temperature), which can be used to quantify spatial and temporal variability in temperature and performance at the site level. These methods facilitate an exploration of the role of micro-topographic variability in driving organismal vulnerability to environmental change using both spatially explicit and frequency-based approaches.

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Thermal tolerance limits as indicators of current and future intertidal zonation patterns in a diverse mussel guild

Cited by 28 publications

References 106 publications

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for Monitoring Macroalgal Biodiversity: Comparison of RGB and Multispectral Imaging Sensors for Biodiversity Assessments

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for Monitoring Macroalgal Biodiversity: Comparison of RGB and Multispectral Imaging Sensors for Biodiversity Assessments

Decreased thermal tolerance under recurrent heat stress conditions explains summer mass mortality of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis

Mapping physiology: biophysical mechanisms define scales of climate change impacts

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