Thermal stratification effect on gravity driven transport of hybrid CNTs down a stretched surface through porous medium

Regulating the thermal conductivity of the fluid in various heat exchange systems plays an important role. In this regard, the carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with their higher thermal conductivity, can enhance the heat transfer potential. The main objective of the present study is to explore the impact of suction and injection on the oscillatory flow of CNT‐based hybrid nanofluid through a channel under the influence of the magnetic field for analysing heat transfer perspectives. While developing a mathematical model of the problem, we also considered other relevant elements, such as thermal radiation for optically thin fluids and porous mediums. The behaviour of a water‐SWCNT + MWCNT hybrid nanofluid is studied concerning the volume fraction of CNTs. The governing flow equations have been solved to obtain the correct solutions for the distribution of velocities and temperatures. Graphs and tables are used to assess the impact of relevant parameters on the flow and derived quantities. Adding CNTs to a fluid reduces its temperature and velocity, making it ideal for cooling systems. However, plates exhibit a maximum heat transfer of 35.35% and 25.35%, respectively, for and . The magnetic and constant pressure parameters greatly diminish the fluid's velocity, while the thermal buoyancy forces strengthen the flow. The effectiveness of the current study is confirmed by comparing its results to those from previous investigations.

“…𝑢 = 0, 𝜃 = 𝑒 𝑖𝜔𝑡 on 𝑦 = 1 (10) where L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 , L 5 , L 6 are constants due to thermophysical properties of hybrid nanofluids.…”

Section: Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat transfer analysis of MHD oscillatory SWCNT/MWCNT‐H₂O hybrid nanofluid flow in a channel

Malviya,

Bannihalli Naganagowda,

Kalluhole Matada

et al. 2024

“…Nowadays, nanotechnology has tremendously revolutionized heat transfer research by modifying the characteristics of energy-transmitting fluids. This massive growth was caused by the numerous applications in diverse aspects of people's lives, such as solar thermal collectors, industrial exchangers, microchannels, drug delivery, and modern disease therapy [3][4][5][6]. Several researchers are also interested in how nanoparticles flow through peristaltic channels [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 EcEn 6 𝑀4 PrPx𝛾 + 16A1 5∕2 A2 5∕2 EcEn 5 𝑀5 PrPx𝛾 − 16A1 3∕2 A2 7∕2 EcEn 3 𝑀 7 PrPx𝛾 −8A1A24 EcEn 2 𝑀 8 PrPx𝛾 − 8A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 6 𝑀 6 Pr𝛾 2 − 16A1 3∕2 A2 7∕2 EcEn 5 𝑀 7 Pr𝛾 2 −8A1A24 EcEn 4 𝑀 8 Pr𝛾 2 A2EcEn 8 ℎ 2 𝑀 2 PrPx 2 − 4A1 3 A2 2 EcEn 6 ℎ 2 𝑀 4 PrPx 2 + 6A12 A2 3 EcEn 4 ℎ 2 𝑀 6 PrPx 2 −4A1A2 4 EcEn 2 ℎ 2 𝑀 8 PrPx 2 + A2 5 Ecℎ 2 𝑀 10 PrPx 2 + A1 4 A2 3 En 8 ℎ 2 𝑀 4 Sp −4A1 3 A2 4 En 6 ℎ 2 𝑀 6 Sp + 6A1 2 A2 5 En 4 ℎ 2 𝑀 8 Sp − 4A1A2 6 En 2 ℎ 2 𝑀 10 Sp + A2 7 ℎ 2 𝑀 12 Sp EcEn 8 PrPx 2 + 32A1 4 A2EcEn 6 𝑀 2 PrPx 2 − 48A1 3 A2 2 EcEn 4 𝑀 4 PrPx 2 +32A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 2 𝑀 6 PrPx 2 − 8A1A2 4 Ec𝑀 8 PrPx 2 + 8A1 4 A2EcEn 8 𝑀 2 PrPx𝛾 −24A1 3 A2 2 EcEn 6 𝑀 4 PrPx𝛾 + 24A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 4 𝑀 6 PrPx𝛾 − 8A1A2 4 EcEn 2 𝑀 8 PrPx𝛾 En 4 Px 2 + A2 3 En 2 𝑀 6 𝛾 2 − 2A1 2 A2En 2 𝑀 2 Px A2EcEn 8 𝑀 2 PrPx 2 + 16A1 3 A2 2 EcEn 6 𝑀 4 PrPx 2 − 24A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 4 𝑀 6 PrPx 2 +161A2 4 EcEn 2 𝑀 8 PrPx 2 − 4A2 5 Ec𝑀 10 PrPx 2 − 2A1 4 A2 3 En 8 𝑀 4 Sp +8A1 3 A2 4 En 6 𝑀 6 Sp − 12A1 2 A2 5 En 4 𝑀 8 Sp + 8A1A2 6 En 2 𝑀 10 Sp − 2A2 7 𝑀 12 Sp 4A1 3 A2 2 EcEn 8 𝑀 4 PrPx𝛾 − 12A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 6 𝑀 6 PrPx𝛾 + 12A1A2 4 EcEn 4 𝑀 8 PrPx𝛾 −4A2 5 EcEn 2 𝑀 10 PrPx𝛾 − 4A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 8 𝑀 6 Pr𝛾 2 + 8A1A2 4 EcEn 6 𝑀 8 Pr𝛾 2 −4A2 5 EcEn 4 𝑀 10 Pr𝛾 2 EcEn 6 𝑀 4 PrPx 2 − 24A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 4 𝑀 6 PrPx 2 + 16A1A2 4 EcEn 2 𝑀 8 PrPx 2 −4A2 5 Ec𝑀 10 PrPx 2 + 8A1 3 A2 4 En 6 𝑀 6 Sp − 12A1 2 A2 5 En 4 𝑀 8 Sp +8A1A2 6 En 2 𝑀 10 Sp − 2A2 7 𝑀 12 Sp − 2A1 4 A2En 8 𝑀 2 EcEn 8 𝑀 4 PrPx𝛾 − 12A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 6 𝑀 6 PrPx𝛾 + 12A1A2 4 EcEn 4 𝑀 8 PrPx𝛾 −4A2 5 EcEn 2 𝑀 10 PrPx𝛾 − 2A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 8 𝑀 6 Pr𝛾 2 + 4A1A2 4 EcEn 6 𝑀 8 Pr𝛾 2 −2A2 5 EcEn 4 𝑀 10 Pr𝛾 2 A2EcEn 8 𝑀 2 PrPx 2 + 8A1 3 A2 2 EcEn 6 𝑀 4 PrPx 2 − 12A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 4 𝑀 6 PrPx 2 8A1A2 4 EcEn 2 𝑀 8 PrPx 2 − 2A2 5 Ec𝑀 10 PrPx 2 − 2A1 4 A2 3 En 8 𝑀 4 Sp + 8A1 3 A2 4 En 6 𝑀 6 Sp −12A1 2 A2 5 En 4 𝑀 8 Sp + 8A1A2 6 En 2 𝑀 10 Sp − 2A2 7 𝑀 12 Sp − 2A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 8 𝑀 6 Pr𝛾 2 +4A1A2 4 EcEn 6 𝑀 8 Pr𝛾 2 − 2A2 5 EcEn 4 𝑀 10 Pr𝛾 2 A2EcEn 8 𝑀 2 PrPx 2 − 4A1 3 A2 2 EcEn 6 𝑀 4 PrPx 2 − 6A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 4 𝑀 6 PrPx 2 +4A1A2 4 EcEn 2 𝑀 8 PrPx 2 − A2 5 Ec𝑀 10 PrPx 2 − A1 4 A2 3 En 8 𝑀 4 Sp +4A1 3 A2 4 En 6 𝑀 6 Sp − 6A1 2 A2 5 En 4 𝑀 8 Sp + 4A1A2 6 En 2 𝑀 10 Sp − A2 7 𝑀 12 Sp EcEn 6 𝑀 4 PrPx𝛾 − 24A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 4 𝑀 6 PrPx𝛾 +24A1A2 4 EcEn 2 𝑀 8 PrPx𝛾 − 8A2 5 Ec𝑀 10 PrPx𝛾 EcEn 6 𝑀 6 Pr𝛾 2 + 2A1A2 4 EcEn 4 𝑀 8 Pr𝛾 2 − A2 5 EcEn 2 𝑀 10 Pr𝛾 2 ) , 𝐷 16 = ( −A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 6 𝑀 6 Pr𝛾 2 + 2A1A2 4 EcEn 4 𝑀 8 Pr𝛾 2 − A2 5 EcEn 2 𝑀 10 Pr𝛾 2 8A1 5 EcEn 8 PrPx 2 − 32A1 4 A2EcEn 6 𝑀 2 PrPx 2 + 48A1 3 A2 2 EcEn 4 𝑀 4 PrPx 2 −32A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 2 𝑀 6 PrPx 2 + 8A1A2 4 Ec𝑀 8 PrPx 2 − 8A1 4 A2EcEn 8 𝑀 2 PrPx𝛾 +24A1 3 A2 2 EcEn 6 𝑀 4 PrPx𝛾 − 24A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 4 𝑀 6 PrPx𝛾 + 8A1A2 4 EcEn 2 𝑀 8 PrPx𝛾 EcEn 8 PrPx 2 + 4A1 4 A2EcEn 6 𝑀 2 PrPx 2 − 6A1 3 A2 2 EcEn 4 𝑀 4 PrPx 2 +4A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 2 𝑀 6 PrPx 2 − A1A2 4 Ec𝑀 8 PrPx 2 + 2A1 4 A2EcEn 8 𝑀 2 PrPx𝛾 −6A1 3 A2 2 EcEn 6 𝑀 4 PrPx𝛾 + 6A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 4 𝑀 6 PrPx𝛾 − 2A1A2 4 EcEn 2 𝑀 8 PrPx𝛾 −A1 3 A2 2 EcEn 8 𝑀 4 Pr𝛾 2 + 2A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 6 𝑀 6 Pr𝛾 2 − A1A2 4 EcEn 4 𝑀 8 Pr𝛾 2 EcEn 6 𝑀 4 PrPx𝛾 − 16A1 5∕2 A2 5∕2 EcEn 5 𝑀 5 PrPx𝛾 +16A1 3∕2 A2 7∕2 EcEn 3 𝑀 7 PrPx𝛾 + 8A1A2 4 EcEn 2 𝑀 8 PrPx𝛾 +8A1 2 A2 3 EcEn 6 𝑀 6 Pr𝛾 2 + 16A1 3∕2 A2 7∕2 EcEn 5 𝑀 7 Pr𝛾 2 +8A1A2 4 EcEn 4 𝑀 8 Pr𝛾 2…”

unclassified

Entropy study of electromagnetohydrodynamic trihybrid nanofluid flow within non‐uniform peristaltic across microchannel

Elsaid,

Sayed,

Abdel‐wahed

2023

In this work, an inspection of the entropy generation of ternary nanofluids inside an irregular peristaltic channel resulting from heat transfer and fluid viscosity in addition to the combined effects of electric and magnetic fields is conducted. The flow is supposed to be subject to a combination of external forces such as an electric field, a magnetic field, thermal radiation, and Joule heating due to the Lorentz force. This model is a representation of the heat transfer processes of heat exchangers and some types of solar cells. Variation in channel width is an effective factor that has not been addressed by many researchers before, these assumptions are simulated by a set of nonlinear partial differential equations due to the dual effect of electric and magnetic forces and under the influence of special boundary conditions. This set of equations has been converted to non‐dimensional equations and then solved analytically to study the behavior of velocities, heat transfer, and the rate of entropy generation inside the channel under the influence of important embedded parameters. Some notable results have been reached, such as a clear growth of the entropy generation system by using more than one type of nanoparticle as a result of the improvement that occurs in the thermal and magnetic conductivity of the fluid, in addition to the increase in viscosity. The irreversibility resulting from friction and the electric and magnetic fields clearly rises in the middle and diminishes at the walls compared to the irreversibility resulting from thermal transfer.

Conjugate dissipative radiative heating with thermal slipping and the entropy production on the thrust of MHD gold blood nanofluid with curvature effects

Abumandour,

Eldesoky,

Abdelwahab

et al. 2023

This article analyzes the impact of conjugated dissipative radiative heat transfer with heat source/sink, thermal slip, and the transverse magnetic field on the behavior of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) peristaltic thrust containing ferromagnetic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with different shape factors through the non‐Newtionian blood flow within compliant walls tube. Entropy generation (EG) plays a prominent role in all aspects connected to thermodynamics and heat transfer aiding in the identification and reduction of system irreversibilities. The sources of irreversibility stem from dissipative friction inherent in fluid flow, the presence of a magnetic field, and the heat transfer process. The ferromagnetic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibit diverse shapes (bricks, cylinders, and platelets) and possess both magnetic and thermal attributes thereby enhancing the efficiency of heat transfer process. The peristaltic thrust drives the dynamic behavior of the gold blood nanofluid through a compliant tube. The tube walls are flexible and exhibit a curvature effects that can alter the dynamics of fluid flow. The effective Hamilton‐Crosser model is selected to express the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid. Gold blood nanofluids can be treated as incompressible, non‐Newtonian, and MHD fluid flow. The governing equations of the system are solved using the perturbation approach under the assumptions of low Reynolds numbers and long wavelength. Hybrid interactions of magnetic field, radiative heating, thermal slip, elastic wall properties, and gold nanoparticles shapes and concentrations are investigated within the gold blood nanofluid flow. The resulting graphs include the profiles of velocity, temperature distributions, EG, and irreversibility parameters under the influence of the above parameters. The findings reveal that the overall EG rises with increasing values of heat source intensity, Brinkman number, temperature difference factor, compliant wall curvature coefficient, and gold nanoparticles concentrations. Additionally, it is observed that an increase in magnetic flux strength results in the emergence of reversal flow patterns near the walls. This arises due to the augmented magnetic flux obstructing the peristaltic nanofluid flow leading to reduce streamwise velocity. Moreover, heightened magnetic flux strength causes temperature reduction for both thermal slip and non‐slip conditions. Generally, the presence of a thermal slipping parameter further enhances the distribution of temperature. In essence, the rationale and significance of this study primarily revolve around comprehending the interplay of these diverse factors with MHD peristaltic motion of gold blood nanofluid and EG. This not only furthers our theoretical understanding of complex systems but also has practical implications that can improve new technologies, processes, and medical applications. For example, in medical treatments like photothermal therapy (PPT), insights gained from this research can help in developing more effective and precise treatment methods. By understanding the impact of these factors on EG, new ways can be identified to minimize or manage system inefficiencies leading to more sustainable and optimized treatment processes. This research holds promise for application in cancer detection and treatment by employing a combination of PPT and magnetic hyperthermia. This entails dispersing AuNPs into the blood circulation through arteries and blood vessels and subsequently applying photothermal radiation and a magnetic field.